Whakautu poto: Ko ngā tauira turanga he tauira AI nui, whānui hoki, kua whakangungua ki runga i ngā huinga raraunga whānui, kātahi ka urutau ki ngā mahi maha (te tuhituhi, te rapu, te waehere, ngā whakaahua) mā te akiaki, te whakatikatika pai, ngā taputapu, te kimi rānei. Mena kei te hiahia koe ki ngā whakautu pono, honoa ēnei ki te whenua (pēnei i te RAG), ngā here mārama, me ngā tirotiro, kaua e tukua kia mahi auaha noa iho.
Ngā kōrero matua hei whakaaroaro:
Whakamāramatanga : Kotahi te tauira turanga kua whakangungua whānuitia, ka whakamahia anō puta noa i ngā mahi maha, ehara i te mahi kotahi mō ia tauira.
Urutau : Whakamahia te akiaki, te whakatikatika, ngā LoRA/ngā urutau, te RAG, me ngā taputapu hei ārahi i te whanonga.
Te urutau whakaputa : Ka whakamanahia te whakaputa tuhinga, whakaahua, oro, waehere me ngā ihirangi maha-ara.
Ngā tohu kounga : Whakatairangahia te āheinga whakahaere, te whakaiti i ngā moemoeā, te āheinga maha-ara, me te whakatau tika.
Ngā whakahaere mōrearea : Whakamahere mō ngā moemoeā, te whakaaro pākiki, te turuturu tūmataitinga, me te werohanga tere mā te whakahaere me te whakamātautau.
Ngā tuhinga ka pai pea koe ki te pānui i muri i tēnei:
🔗 He aha te kamupene AI
Kia mārama ki te hanga hua, tīma, me ngā tauira moni whiwhi a ngā kamupene AI.
🔗 He aha te āhua o te waehere AI
Tirohia ngā tauira o te waehere AI, mai i ngā tauira Python ki ngā API.
🔗 He aha te raupaparorohiko AI
Akohia he aha ngā rauropi AI me pēhea te whakatau kaupapa.
🔗 He aha te hangarau AI
Tūhurahia ngā hangarau matua o te AI e whakakaha ana i te aunoatanga, te tātari, me ngā taupānga atamai.
1) Ngā tauira turanga - he whakamāramatanga kore-kohu 🧠
He tauira AI whānui te tauira turanga , he tauira whānui hoki e whakangungua ana ki ngā raraunga whānui (he maha ngā raraunga e whakamahia ana) kia taea ai te urutau ki ngā mahi maha, kaua ki te mahi kotahi anake ( NIST , Stanford CRFM ).
Engari i te hanga i tētahi tauira motuhake mō:
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te tuhi īmēra
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te whakautu i ngā pātai
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te whakarāpopototanga o ngā PDF
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te whakaputa whakaahua
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te whakarōpū i ngā tīkiti tautoko
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te whakamāori i ngā reo
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te tuku whakaaro waehere
…ka whakangungu koe i tētahi tauira turanga nui e "ako ana i te ao" i roto i tētahi huarahi tatauranga pōuri, kātahi ka urutau ki ngā mahi motuhake mā te whakamahi i ngā tohutohu, i ngā whakatikatika pai, i ngā taputapu tāpiri rānei ( Bommasani et al., 2021 ).
Arā, he mīhini whānui ka taea e koe te urungi.
Āe, ko te kupu matua ko "whānui". Koinā te mahi katoa.
2) He aha ngā Tauira Tūāpapa i roto i te Generative AI? (Me pēhea te taunga motuhake) 🎨📝
Nā, he aha ngā Tauira Tūāpapa i roto i te Generative AI? Koinei ngā tauira matua e whakakaha ana i ngā pūnaha ka taea te whakaputa ihirangi hou - tuhinga, whakaahua, oro, waehere, ataata, me te piki haere o… ngā ranunga o aua mea katoa ( NIST , NIST Generative AI Profile ).
Ehara i te mea ko te matapae noa i ngā tapanga pēnei i te "pāme / ehara i te pāme" te kaupapa o te Generative AI. Engari ko te whakaputa i ngā putanga e āhua ana nā te tangata i hanga.
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ngā paraka
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ngā rotarota
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ngā whakaahuatanga hua
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ngā whakaahua
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ngā rangi waiata
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ngā tauira taupānga
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ngā reo hangai
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ā, i ētahi wā he kōrero wairangi tino maia 🙃
tino ngā tauira turanga i konei nā te mea:
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kua mimiti rātou i ngā tauira whānui mai i ngā huinga raraunga nunui ( Bommasani et al., 2021 )
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ka taea e rātou te whakawhanui ki ngā tohutohu hou (tae atu ki ngā mea rerekē) ( Brown et al., 2020 )
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ka taea te whakamahi anō mō ngā putanga maha me te kore e hiahiatia he whakangungu anō mai i te tīmatanga ( Bommasani et al., 2021 )
Koinei te "paparanga turanga" - pērā i te paraoa pokepoke. Ka taea te tunu hei baguette, hei piza, hei rōra hinamona rānei… ehara i te kupu whakarite tino tika, engari kua mārama koe 😄
3) He aha i whakarerekē ai rātou i ngā mea katoa (me te aha hoki e kore ai e mutu te kōrero a te iwi mō rātou) 🚀
I mua i ngā tauira turanga, he maha ngā mahi a te AI:
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whakangungua he tauira mō te tātari kare ā-roto
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whakangungu i tētahi atu mō te whakamāori
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whakangungua tētahi atu mō te whakarōpūtanga whakaahua
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whakangungu i tētahi atu mō te mōhio ki te hinonga kua whakaingoatia
I pai tērā, engari he puhoi, he utu nui, ā, he ahua… pakarukaru.
I hurihia e ngā tauira turanga:
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whakangungu tuatahi kotahi (he kaha nui)
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whakamahia ano ki nga waahi katoa (he utu nui) ( Bommasani et al., 2021 )
Ko taua whakamahinga anō te mea e whakarea ana. Ka taea e ngā kamupene te hanga i ngā āhuatanga e 20 i runga i te whānau tauira kotahi, kaua e hanga hou i te wira e 20 ngā wā.
I tua atu, kua māori ake te wheako kaiwhakamahi:
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kāore koe e "whakamahi i tētahi whakarōpūtanga"
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Ka kōrero koe ki te tauira me te mea he hoa mahi āwhina e kore e moe ☕🤝
I ētahi wā, he rite anō ki tētahi hoa mahi e māia ana ki te hē o te mārama ki ngā mea katoa, engari kāti. Te tipu.
4) Te ariā matua: te whakangungu mua + te urutau 🧩
Tata ki ngā tauira turanga katoa e whai ana i tētahi tauira ( Stanford CRFM , NIST ):
Te whakangungu tuatahi (te wāhanga "whakamimiti i te ipurangi") 📚
Ka whakangungua te tauira ki runga i ngā huinga raraunga nui, whānui hoki mā te whakamahi i te ako whaiaro-mātakitaki ( NIST ). Mō ngā tauira reo, ko te tikanga o tēnā ko te matapae i ngā kupu ngaro, i te tohu rānei e whai ake nei ( Devlin et al., 2018 , Brown et al., 2020 ).
Ehara i te mea kotahi te mahi hei whakaako. Ko te mea nui ko te whakaako i ngā whakaaturanga whānui :
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wetereo
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ngā meka (āhua)
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ngā tauira whakaaro (i ētahi wā)
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ngā momo tuhituhi
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hanganga waehere
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te hiahia noa o te tangata
Te urutau (te wāhanga "whakamahi kia whai hua") 🛠️
Kātahi ka urutauhia mā te whakamahi i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ēnei:
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te akiaki (ngā tohutohu i roto i te reo māmā)
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te whakahāngai tohutohu (te whakangungu kia whai i ngā tohutohu) ( Wei et al., 2021 )
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whakatikatika (whakangungu i ngā raraunga o tō rohe)
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LoRA / ngā urutau (ngā tikanga whakahāngai māmā) ( Hu et al., 2021 )
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RAG (whakaputa-whakanuia-whakaputa - ka tirohia e te tauira ō tuhinga) ( Lewis et al., 2020 )
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te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu (te karanga i ngā mahi, te tirotiro i ngā pūnaha ā-roto, me ētahi atu)
Koinei te take ka taea e te tauira turanga kotahi te tuhi i tētahi wāhanga aroha… kātahi ka āwhina ki te whakatika i tētahi patai SQL i muri i te rima hēkona 😭
5) He aha te mea e pai ai te putanga o te tauira turanga? ✅
Koinei te wāhanga ka pekehia e te tangata, kātahi ka pouri ā muri ake.
Ehara i te mea ko te "rahi" anake te tauira turanga "pai". He āwhina te nui, ae... engari ehara i te mea koinei anake. Ko te putanga pai o te tauira turanga he:
Whakawhānui kaha 🧠
He pai te mahi i roto i ngā mahi maha, me te kore e hiahiatia he whakangungu anō mō ia mahi ( Bommasani et al., 2021 ).
Te urungi me te āheinga whakahaere 🎛️
Ka taea e ia te whai pono i ngā tohutohu pēnei i:
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"Kia poto"
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"Whakamahia ngā tohu matā"
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"Tuhituhia i roto i te reo hoa"
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"Kaua e whakakitea ngā mōhiohio huna"
He ātaahua ētahi tauira engari he pahekeheke. He rite ki te pupuri i tētahi poraka hopi i roto i te kaukau. He āwhina, engari he pōturi 😅
He iti te āhua o te moemoeā (he iti rawa te koretake o te mārama) 🧯
Kāore he tauira e ātete ana ki ngā moemoeā, engari ko ngā mea pai:
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iti ake te whakaaro pohehe
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whakaae pinepine ki te koretake
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kia tata tonu ki te horopaki kua whakaratohia ina whakamahi ana i te rapunga kōrero ( Ji et al., 2023 , Lewis et al., 2020 )
He pūkenga pai ki ngā momo mahi maha (inā hiahiatia) 🖼️🎧
Mena he kaiawhina hanga whare koe e pānui ana i ngā whakaahua, e whakamārama ana i ngā tūtohi, e mārama ana rānei ki te oro, he mea nui te maha-ara ( Radford et al., 2021 ).
Whakatau whai hua ⚡
He mea nui te whakaroa me te utu. He rite te tauira kaha engari puhoi ki te motuka hākinakina he potae pāpaku tōna.
Te whanonga haumaru me te whakataurite 🧩
Ehara i te mea ko te "whakakahore i ngā mea katoa," engari:
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karohia ngā tohutohu kino
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whakaitihia te whakaaro pōhēhē
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te whakahaere i ngā kaupapa tairongo me te āta whakaaro
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ātete ki ngā nganatanga jailbreak taketake (āhua…) ( NIST AI RMF 1.0 , NIST Generative AI Profile )
Ngā tuhinga + te pūnaha rauropi 🌱
He ahua maroke tēnei, engari he pono:
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taputapu
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ngā whitiki arotake
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ngā kōwhiringa whakatinanatanga
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ngā mana whakahaere umanga
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tautoko whakatikatika
Ae, he kupu koretake te kupu "pūnaha taiao". E kino ana hoki ahau ki tēnā. Engari he mea nui.
6) Ripanga Whakataurite - ngā kōwhiringa tauira turanga noa (me ngā painga o aua kōwhiringa) 🧾
Kei raro nei tētahi ripanga whakatairite whai hua, he āhua kāore i te tino tika. Ehara i te mea ko "te rārangi pono kotahi", engari he rite ki: ngā mea e whiriwhiria ana e te tangata i te ngahere.
| momo taputapu / tauira | hunga whakarongo | utu iti | he aha te mahi |
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| LLM Motuhake (kāhua kōrerorero) | ngā tīma e hiahia ana ki te tere me te kanapa | e hangai ana ki te whakamahinga / ohaurunga | He tino pai te whai i ngā tohutohu, he kaha te mahi whānui, ko te nuinga o te wā he pai ake "i waho o te pouaka" 😌 |
| LLM Taumaha-tuwhera (ka taea te manaaki i a koe anō) | ngā kaihanga e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere | te utu o ngā ratonga hangarau (me ngā mamae o te uma) | Ka taea te whakarite, te noho tūmataiti, ka taea te whakahaere ā-rohe… ki te pai koe ki te mahi i ngā mahi i waenganui pō |
| Kaiwhakaputa whakaahua horapa | ngā kaihanga auaha, ngā tīma hoahoa | kore utu ki te utu | He pai te hanga whakaahua, te rerekētanga o te momo, ngā rerenga mahi auau (me: tērā pea ka kore e taea te whakamahi i ngā maihao) ✋😬 ( Ho et al., 2020 , Rombach et al., 2021 ) |
| Tauira "reo-tirohanga" maha-ara | ngā taupānga e pānui ana i ngā whakaahua me ngā tuhinga | i runga i te whakamahinga | Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te pātai mō ngā whakaahua, ngā hopu mata, ngā hoahoa - he tino whai hua ( Radford et al., 2021 ) |
| Te whakauru i te tauira turanga | ngā pūnaha rapu + RAG | utu iti mō ia waea | Ka huri i te tuhinga hei tohu mō te rapu tikanga, te whakarōpū, te taunakitanga - te pūngao MVP marino ( Karpukhin et al., 2020 , Douze et al., 2024 ) |
| Tauira turanga kōrero-ki-kuputuhi | ngā pokapū waea, ngā kaihanga | e hangai ana ki te whakamahinga / ā-rohe | He tere te tuhi, he tautoko reo maha, he pai mō te oro haruru (i te nuinga o te wā) 🎙️ ( Whisper ) |
| Tauira turanga tuhinga-ki-kōrero | ngā tīma hua, ngā pāpāho | i runga i te whakamahinga | Te whakaputa reo tūturu, ngā momo reo, te kōrero - ka taea te whakamataku me te tūturu ( Shen et al., 2017 ) |
| LLM e arotahi ana ki te waehere | ngā kaiwhakawhanake | e hangai ana ki te whakamahinga / ohaurunga | He pai ake ki ngā tauira waehere, ki te patuiro, ki te whakahou… kāore anō kia tino mōhio ki te pānui hinengaro 😅 |
Mātakitaki me pēhea te tikanga o te "tauira tūāpapa" ehara i te mea ko te "chatbot" anake. Ka taea hoki e ngā whakaurunga me ngā tauira kōrero te hanga tūāpapa, nā te mea he whānui, he taea hoki te whakamahi anō puta noa i ngā mahi ( Bommasani et al., 2021 , NIST ).
7) Tirohanga tata atu: me pēhea te ako a ngā tauira turanga reo (te putanga hihiri) 🧠🧃
Ko ngā tauira turanga reo (e kiia ana ko ngā LLM) he mea whakangungu i runga i ngā kohinga tuhinga nunui. Ka ako rātou mā te matapae i ngā tohu ( Brown et al., 2020 ). Koinā te mutunga. Kāore he puehu patupaiarehe ngaro.
Engari ko te makutu ko te matapae i ngā tohu ka akiaki i te tauira ki te ako i te hanganga ( CSET ):
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wetereo me te wetereo
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ngā whanaungatanga kaupapa
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ngā tauira whakaaro-ā-roto (i ētahi wā)
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ngā raupapa whakaaro noa
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te whakamārama a te tangata i ngā mea, te tautohetohe, te whakapāha, te whiriwhiri, te whakaako
He rite ki te ako ki te whai i ngā miriona kōrero me te kore e "mārama" ki te āhua o te tangata. E ahua ana kāore e tika kia mahi... engari kei te mahi tonu.
He kōrero whakanui rawa: he rite tonu ki te kōpeke i ngā tuhinga tangata ki roto i tētahi roro tūponotanga nui.
Heoi anō, he ahua kanga taua kupu whakarite. Engari ka neke tātou 😄
8) Tirohanga tata atu: ngā tauira horapa (he aha i rerekē ai te mahi a ngā whakaahua) 🎨🌀
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā tauira turanga whakaahua horapa ( Ho et al., 2020 , Rombach et al., 2021 ).
Te whakaaro whānui:
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tāpirihia he haruru ki ngā whakaahua kia rite rā anō ki te pouaka whakaata tūmau
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whakangungua tētahi tauira kia huri i taua haruru i ia taahiraa
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i te wā whakaputanga, tīmata ki te haruru, kātahi ka "whakakore haruru" hei whakaahua e arahina ana e te tohu ( Ho et al., 2020 )
Koia te take e rite ana te whakaputa whakaahua ki te "whakawhanake" i tētahi whakaahua, engari ko te whakaahua he tarakona e mau ana i ngā hū i te ara o te hūpermakete 🛒🐉
He pai ngā tauira horapa nā te mea:
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ka whakaputahia e rātou ngā tirohanga kounga teitei
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ka taea te ārahi kaha i a rātou e te tuhinga
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e tautoko ana i te whakapai ake i ngā mahi auau (ngā rerekētanga, te peita, te whakanui ake) ( Rombach et al., 2021 )
I ētahi wā ka raru rātou ki:
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te whakaputa tuhinga i roto i ngā whakaahua
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ngā taipitopito hanganga pai
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te tuakiri pūāhua ōrite puta noa i ngā wāhanga (kei te pai haere tonu, engari kei te pai tonu)
9) Tirohanga tata atu: ngā tauira turanga maha-ahu (kuputuhi + whakaahua + oro) 👀🎧📝
Ko te whāinga o ngā tauira turanga maha-ara he mārama me te whakaputa puta noa i ngā momo raraunga maha:
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tuhinga
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ngā whakaahua
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oro
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ataata
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i ētahi wā he rite ki ngā pūoko ngā tāurunga ( NIST Generative AI Profile )
He aha te hiranga o tēnei i te ao tūturu:
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ka taea e te tautoko kiritaki te whakamaori i ngā whakaahua mata
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ka taea e ngā taputapu urunga te whakaahua i ngā whakaahua
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Ka taea e ngā taupānga mātauranga te whakamārama i ngā hoahoa
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ka taea e ngā kaihanga te hangarua tere i ngā hōputu
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ka taea e ngā taputapu pakihi te "pānui" i te hopu mata o te papaaho me te whakarāpopoto i taua mea
I raro i te taupoki, he maha ngā wā ka whakarārangihia e ngā pūnaha maha-ara ngā whakaaturanga:
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hurihia he whakaahua hei tāpiritanga
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hurihia te tuhinga hei tāpiritanga
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akohia he wāhi tiritahi e ōrite ana te "ngeru" ki ngā pika ngeru 😺 ( Radford et al., 2021 )
Ehara i te mea he ātaahua i ngā wā katoa. I ētahi wā ka tuituia ngātahitia pērā i te kuiti. Engari ka pai te mahi.
10) Te whakatikatika pai, te akiaki rānei, te RAG (me pēhea te urutau i te tauira taketake) 🧰
Mena kei te ngana koe ki te whakamahi i tētahi tauira turanga hei whai hua mō tētahi mara motuhake (ture, hauora, ratonga kiritaki, mōhiotanga ā-roto), he torutoru āu huarahi hei whakamahi:
Te akiaki 🗣️
Te mea tere me te mea māmā rawa.
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painga: kāore he whakangungu, he whakahoutanga tonu
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huakore: kāore e ōrite, he rohe horopaki, he ngoikore wawe
Te whakatikatika pai 🎯
Whakangunguhia te tauira mā roto i ō tauira.
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ngā painga: he rite tonu te whanonga, he pai ake te reo rohe, ka taea te whakaiti i te roa o te tohu
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ngā huakore: te utu, ngā whakaritenga kounga raraunga, te mōrearea o te tāpiri rawa, te tiaki
Whakatakotoranga māmā (LoRA / urutau) 🧩
He putanga whai hua ake o te whakatikatika ( Hu et al., 2021 ).
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painga: iti ake te utu, he māmā ake te whakawhiti, he māmā ake te whakawhiti
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huakore: me whai tonu te whakangungu me te aromatawai
RAG (whakatipuranga-whakanuia-whakahoki) 🔎
Ka tiki te tauira i ngā tuhinga e tika ana mai i tō pūtake mātauranga, ā, mā te whakamahi i aua tuhinga ka puta ngā whakautu ( Lewis et al., 2020 ).
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ngā painga: te mōhiotanga hou, ngā tohutoro ā-roto (mēnā ka whakatinanahia e koe), te iti ake o te whakangungu anō
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huakore: ka taea e te kounga o te tiki te whakapai ake, te whakakore rānei i te kounga, me pai te tapahi me te whakauru
He kōrero pono: he maha ngā pūnaha angitu e whakakotahi ana i te akiaki me te RAG. He kaha te whakatikatika, engari kāore e hiahiatia i ngā wā katoa. Ka tere rawa te peke a te tangata ki tēnei mahi nā te mea he mea whakamiharo te ahua 😅
11) Ngā mōrearea, ngā herenga, me te wāhanga "kaua e whakamahi matapo i tēnei" 🧯😬
He kaha ngā tauira turanga, engari kāore i te pumau pērā i ngā pūmanawa tuku iho. He rite tonu ki… he tauira mahi tauira pūkenga engari he raruraru whakapono ki a ia anō.
Ngā herenga matua hei whakamahere māu:
Ngā moemoeā 🌀
Tērā pea ka hangaia e ngā tauira:
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ngā puna rūpahu
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ngā meka hē
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ngā mahi e tika ana engari he hē ( Ji et al., 2023 )
Ngā Whakaiti:
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RAG me te horopaki whai take ( Lewis et al., 2020 )
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ngā putanga here (ngā kauwhata, ngā karangatanga taputapu)
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tohutohu mārama "kaua e whakapae"
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ngā paparanga manatoko (ngā ture, ngā tirotiro whakawhiti, te arotake tangata)
Te whakaaro pōhēhē me ngā tauira kino ⚠️
Nā te mea e whakaata ana ngā raraunga whakangungu i te tangata, ka taea e koe te whiwhi:
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ngā momo āhuahanga
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te mahi kore taurite puta noa i ngā rōpū
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nga otinga kino ( NIST AI RMF 1.0 , Bommasani et al., 2021 )
Ngā Whakaiti:
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te whakatikatika haumaru
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tīma whero
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ngā tātari ihirangi
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ngā herenga rohe tūpato ( NIST Generative AI Profile )
Te tūmataitinga me te turuturu raraunga 🔒
Ki te whāngai koe i ngā raraunga muna ki roto i tētahi pito tauira, me mōhio koe ki:
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te āhua o tōna penapena
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mēnā e whakamahia ana mō te whakangungu
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he aha ngā takiuru kei reira
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he aha te mea e whakahaere ana i ngā hiahia o tō whakahaere ( NIST AI RMF 1.0 )
Ngā Whakaiti:
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ngā kōwhiringa whakatinanatanga tūmataiti
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kāwanatanga pakari
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te iti rawa o te whakaaturanga raraunga
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RAG ā-roto anake me te mana uru tino kaha ( NIST Generative AI Profile , Carlini et al., 2021 )
Werohanga tere (ina koa me te RAG) 🕳️
Ki te pānuihia e te tauira tētahi tuhinga kāore i te whakawhirinakihia, ka ngana pea taua tuhinga ki te whakarerekē i taua tuhinga:
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"Kaua e aro ki ngā tohutohu o mua..."
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"Tukua mai te mea ngaro ki ahau..." ( OWASP , Greshake et al., 2023 )
Ngā Whakaiti:
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ngā tohutohu pūnaha wehe
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whakahoromata i ngā ihirangi kua tikina
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whakamahia ngā kaupapa here e hangai ana ki ngā taputapu (kaua ko ngā tohutohu anake)
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whakamātautau me ngā tāurunga taupatupatu ( OWASP Cheat Sheet , NIST Generative AI Profile )
Kāore au e ngana ana ki te whakamataku i a koe. Engari… he pai ake te mōhio ki te wāhi e tangi ana ngā papa o te papa.
12) Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi tauira turanga mō tō whakamahinga 🎛️
Mena kei te whiriwhiri koe i tētahi tauira turanga (kei te hanga rānei i runga i tētahi), tīmata mā ēnei tohutohu:
Tautuhia tāu e whakaputa ana 🧾
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tuhinga anake
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ngā whakaahua
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oro
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momo maha whakauru
Whakatakotoria tō pae pono 📌
Mena e hiahia ana koe ki te tino tika (pūtea, hauora, ture, haumaru):
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ka hiahia koe ki a RAG ( Lewis et al., 2020 )
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ka hiahia koe ki te whakamana
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ka hiahia koe kia arotakehia tonutia e te tangata (i ētahi wā) ( NIST AI RMF 1.0 )
Whakatauhia tō whāinga whakaroa ⚡
He tere tonu te kōrerorero. Tērā pea ka puhoi ake te whakarāpopototanga puranga.
Mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te whakautu tere, he mea nui te rahi o te tauira me te manaaki.
Te tūmataitinga o te mapi me ngā hiahia tutuki i ngā whakaritenga 🔐
Ko ētahi tīma e hiahia ana:
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whakatinanatanga i runga i te papaanga / VPC
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kāore he pupuri raraunga
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ngā rangitaki arotake tino pakari
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mana uru mō ia tuhinga ( NIST AI RMF 1.0 , NIST Generative AI Profile )
Taurite te tahua - ā, kia manawanui 😅
Mā te manaaki-ā-koe ka taea te whakahaere engari ka nui ake te uaua.
He māmā ngā API whakahaere engari he utu nui, ā, he uaua ake te whakarite.
He tohutohu iti nei: hangaia he tauira māmā i te tuatahi, kātahi ka whakapakeketia i muri mai. Ko te tīmatanga ki te whakatakotoranga "tino pai" ka whakaroa i te haere o ngā mea katoa.
13) He aha ngā Tauira Tūāpapa i roto i te AI Whakaputa? (Te tauira hinengaro tere) 🧠✨
Me whakahoki mai anō. He aha ngā Tauira Tūāpapa i roto i te Generative AI?
Ko rātou ēnei:
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ngā tauira nui, whānui i whakangungua ki ngā raraunga whānui ( NIST , Stanford CRFM )
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ka taea te whakaputa ihirangi (kuputuhi, whakaahua, oro, me ētahi atu) ( NIST Generative AI Profile )
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ka taea te urutau ki ngā mahi maha mā roto i ngā tohutohu, te whakatikatika pai, me te whakahoki mai ( Bommasani et al., 2021 )
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te paparanga turanga e whakakaha ana i te nuinga o ngā hua AI whakaputa hou
Ehara i te mea he hoahoa kotahi, he waitohu kotahi rānei. He kāwai tauira rātou e rite ana ki te tūāpapa.
Kāore te tauira turanga i rite ki te tātaitai, engari ki te kīhini. He maha ngā kai ka taea te tunu ki roto. Ka taea hoki te tahu i te tōhi mena kāore koe e aro nui ana… engari he tino watea tonu te kīhini 🍳🔥
14) Whakarāpopototanga me te kai hei tango ✅🙂
Ko ngā tauira turanga ngā miihini whakamahi anō o te AI whakaputa. Ka whakangungua whānuitia rātou, kātahi ka urutau ki ngā mahi motuhake mā te akiaki, te whakatikatika pai, me te whakahoki mai ( NIST , Stanford CRFM ). Ka taea e rātou te mīharo, te koretake, te kaha, ā, i ētahi wā ka wairangi - katoa i te wā kotahi.
Whakarāpopototanga:
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Tauira turanga = tauira turanga whānui ( NIST )
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Te AI Whakaputa = te waihanga ihirangi, ehara i te whakarōpūtanga anake ( NIST Generative AI Profile )
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Mā ngā tikanga urutau (te akiaki, te RAG, te whakahāngai) ka whai hua ai ( Lewis et al., 2020 , Hu et al., 2021 )
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Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi tauira e pā ana ki ngā taupatupatu: te tika, te utu, te whakaroa, te tūmataitinga, te haumaru ( NIST AI RMF 1.0 )
Ki te mea kei te hanga koe i tētahi mea me te AI whakaputa, ehara i te mea whiriwhiri te mārama ki ngā tauira turanga. Ko te papa katoa e tū ana te whare… āe, i ētahi wā ka wiri te papa 😅
Ngā Pātai Auau
Ngā tauira turanga, i roto i ngā kupu māmā
He tauira AI whānui te tauira turanga, he tauira AI whānui, kua whakangungua ki ngā raraunga whānui kia taea ai te whakamahi anō mō ngā mahi maha. Engari i te hanga i tētahi tauira mō ia mahi, ka tīmata koe me tētahi tauira "turanga" kaha, ka urutau i te mea e tika ana. He maha ngā wā ka puta taua urutau mā te akiaki, te whakatikatika pai, te tiki (RAG), ngā taputapu rānei. Ko te whakaaro matua ko te whānui me te ngāwari o te urutau.
Te rerekētanga o ngā tauira turanga mai i ngā tauira AI mahi-motuhake tuku iho
He maha ngā wā ka whakangungua e te AI tuku iho tētahi tauira motuhake mō ia mahi, pērā i te tātari kare ā-roto, te whakamāori rānei. Ka hurihia taua tauira e ngā tauira turanga: ka whakangungua i mua i te kotahi wā, kātahi ka whakamahia anō puta noa i ngā āhuatanga me ngā hua maha. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te kaha tāruarua me te tere ake te tuku i ngā āheinga hou. Ko te painga, he iti ake te matapae i ēnei i ngā pūmanawa tawhito mēnā kāore koe e tāpiri i ngā here me ngā whakamātautau.
Ngā tauira turanga i roto i te AI whakaputa uri
I roto i te AI whakaputa, ko ngā tauira turanga ko ngā pūnaha turanga ka taea te whakaputa ihirangi hou pēnei i te tuhinga, ngā whakaahua, te oro, te waehere, ngā putanga maha-ara rānei. Kāore rātou e herea ki te tapanga, ki te whakarōpūtanga rānei; ka whakaputahia e rātou ngā urupare e rite ana ki ngā mahi a te tangata. Nā te mea ka ako rātou i ngā tauira whānui i te wā whakangungu, ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i ngā momo me ngā whakatakotoranga tono maha. Ko rātou te "paparanga turanga" i muri i te nuinga o ngā wheako whakaputa hou.
Te ako a ngā tauira turanga i te wā whakangungu tuatahi
Ko te nuinga o ngā tauira turanga reo ka ako mā te matapae i ngā tohu, pērā i te kupu e whai ake nei, i ngā kupu ngaro rānei i roto i te tuhinga. Mā taua whāinga māmā ka akiaki rātou ki te whakauru i te hanganga pērā i te wetereo, te momo tuhituhi, me ngā tauira whakamārama noa. Ka taea hoki e rātou te mimiti i te nui o ngā mōhiotanga o te ao, ahakoa kāore i te pono i ngā wā katoa. Ko te hua he whakaaturanga whānui kaha ka taea e koe te arahi i muri mai ki tētahi mahi motuhake.
Te rerekētanga i waenga i te akiaki, te whakatikatika pai, te LoRA, me te RAG
Ko te akiaki te huarahi tere ki te ārahi i te whanonga mā te whakamahi i ngā tohutohu, engari he pakarukaru pea. Mā te whakatikatika pai ka whakangungu ake i te tauira i runga i ō tauira kia rite ake te whanonga, engari ka tāpirihia he utu me te tiaki. He huarahi whakatikatika māmā ake ngā LoRA/adapters, he iti ake te utu, he rerekē ake hoki. Ka tiki a RAG i ngā tuhinga e tika ana, ā, ka whiwhi i te whakautu tauira mā te whakamahi i taua horopaki, e āwhina ana ki te hou me te whakatūturu.
Āhea te whakamahi i te RAG hei utu mō te whakatikatika pai
He kōwhiringa kaha te RAG ina hiahia koe ki ngā whakautu e ahu mai ana i ō tuhinga o nāianei, i ō mōhiotanga ā-roto rānei. Ka taea e ia te whakaiti i te "whakapae" mā te whakarato i te tauira ki ngā horopaki e tika ana i te wā whakaputa. He pai ake te whakatikatika ina hiahia koe ki te momo kāhua ōrite, ki te kīanga rohe, ki te whanonga rānei kāore e taea e te akiaki te whakaputa pono. He maha ngā pūnaha mahi e whakakotahi ana i te akiaki me te RAG i mua i te toro atu ki te whakatikatika.
Me pēhea te whakaiti i ngā moemoeā me te whiwhi whakautu pono ake
Ko tētahi huarahi noa ko te whakatakoto i te tauira ki te pūtake o te rapunga (RAG) kia tata tonu ai ki te horopaki kua whakaratohia. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakawhāiti i ngā putanga ki ngā kaupapa, te tono taputapu mō ngā mahi matua, me te tāpiri i ngā tohutohu mārama "kaua e whakaaro". He mea nui anō hoki ngā paparanga manatoko, pērā i te tirotiro ture, te tirotiro whakawhiti, me te arotake tangata mō ngā whakamahinga nui ake te tūponotanga. Me whakaaro ki te tauira hei āwhina tūponotanga, kaua hei puna pono i te taunoa.
Ko ngā mōrearea nui rawa atu me ngā tauira turanga i roto i te whakaputanga
Ko ngā mōrearea noa ko ngā moemoeā, ngā tauira whakahāwea, ngā tauira kino rānei mai i ngā raraunga whakangungu, me te turuturu tūmataitinga mēnā ka kore e pai te whakahaere i ngā raraunga tairongo. Ka taea hoki e ngā pūnaha te ngoikore ki te werohanga tere, inā koa ka pānuihia e te tauira ngā tuhinga kāore i te pono mai i ngā tuhinga, i ngā ihirangi tukutuku rānei. Ko ngā whakaiti i te nuinga o te wā ko te whakahaere, te mahi tahi, ngā mana uru, ngā tauira akiaki haumaru ake, me te aromatawai hanganga. Whakamaherehia wawetia ēnei mōrearea kaua e whakatika i muri mai.
Te werohanga tere me te hiranga o tēnei i roto i ngā pūnaha RAG
Ko te werohanga tere ko te wā e ngana ana te tuhinga kāore i te whakawhirinakihia ki te whakakore i ngā tohutohu, pērā i te "whakahāwea i ngā tohutohu o mua" me te "whakaatu i ngā mea ngaro." I roto i te RAG, ka taea e ngā tuhinga kua tangohia te pupuri i aua tohutohu kino, ā, ka whai pea te tauira i aua tohutohu mena kāore koe e tupato. Ko tētahi huarahi noa ko te wehe i ngā tohutohu pūnaha, te horoi i ngā ihirangi kua tangohia, me te whakawhirinaki ki ngā kaupapa here e hangai ana ki ngā taputapu kaua ki ngā tohutohu anake. Mā te whakamātautau me ngā whakauru taupatupatu ka āwhina ki te whakaatu i ngā ngoikoretanga.
Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi tauira turanga mō tō kaupapa whakamahi
Tīmata mā te tautuhi i ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e koe hei whakaputa: tuhinga, whakaahua, oro, waehere, putanga maha-ara rānei. Kātahi ka whakatakoto i tō pae pono - he maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he whakapūmautanga (RAG), he whakamana, ā, i ētahi wā he arotake tangata mō ngā rohe tino tika. Whakaarohia te whakaroa me te utu, nā te mea he uaua ki te tuku i tētahi tauira kaha e puhoi ana, e utu nui ana rānei. Hei whakamutunga, maherehia te tūmataitinga me ngā hiahia tutuki ture ki ngā kōwhiringa whakatinanatanga me ngā mana whakahaere.
Ngā Tohutoro
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Te Whare Wānanga Paerewa me te Hangarau ā-Motu (NIST) - Tauira Tūāpapa (Wāhanga Kupu) - csrc.nist.gov
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Te Whare Wānanga Paerewa me te Hangarau ā-Motu (NIST) - NIST AI 600-1: Kōtaha AI Whakaputa - nvlpubs.nist.gov
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Te Whare Wānanga Paerewa me te Hangarau ā-Motu (NIST) - NIST AI 100-1: Anga Whakahaere Mōrearea AI (AI RMF 1.0) - nvlpubs.nist.gov
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Te Pokapū Rangahau mō ngā Tauira Tūāpapa o Stanford (CRFM) - Pūrongo - crfm.stanford.edu
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arXiv - Mo nga whai waahi me nga morearea o nga tauira turanga (Bommasani et al., 2021) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - He iti noa ngā ākonga e ako ana i ngā tauira reo (Brown et al., 2020) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - Te Whakaputa Whakanui-Whakahoki mō ngā Mahi NLP e Whakanuia ana te Mātauranga (Lewis et al., 2020) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - LoRA: Te Whakarerekētanga Iti-Pae o ngā Tauira Reo Nui (Hu et al., 2021) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - BERT: Te whakangungu-mua mō ngā Whakawhitinga Ahu-rua Hōhonu mō te Māramatanga Reo (Devlin et al., 2018) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - Ko ngā Tauira Reo Kua Whakamaheretia he Akoranga Kore-Pā (Wei et al., 2021) - arxiv.org
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Whare Pukapuka Mamati ACM - Arotakenga mō te Whakamārama i roto i te Whakaputa Reo Māori (Ji et al., 2023) - dl.acm.org
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arXiv - Te Ako i ngā Tauira Tirohanga Whakawhiti Mai i te Tirotiro Reo Taiao (Radford et al., 2021) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - Ngā Tauira Tūponotanga Whakakore Haruru (Ho et al., 2020) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - Te Hanga Whakaahua Taumira-Teitei me ngā Tauira Horapa Huna (Rombach et al., 2021) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - Te Whakamātautau i te Ara Kikī mō te Whakautu Pātai Rohe-Tuwhera (Karpukhin et al., 2020) - arxiv.org
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arXiv - Te whare pukapuka Faiss (Douze et al., 2024) - arxiv.org
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OpenAI - Te Whakaaturanga i a Whisper - openai.com
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arXiv - Te Hanganga TTS Taiao mā te Whakahāngai i a WaveNet ki ngā Matapae Mel Spectrogram (Shen et al., 2017) - arxiv.org
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Te Pokapū mō te Haumarutanga me te Hangarau Hou (CSET), Te Whare Wānanga o Georgetown - Te mana whakamiharo o te matapae kupu-muri: he whakamārama mō ngā tauira reo nui (wāhanga 1) - cset.georgetown.edu
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USENIX - Te Tango Raraunga Whakangungu mai i ngā Tauira Reo Nui (Carlini et al., 2021) - usenix.org
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OWASP - LLM01: Werohanga Tere - genai.owasp.org
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arXiv - Nui atu i tāu i tono ai: He Tātaritanga Whānui o ngā Tūraru Werohanga Tere Hou ki ngā Tauira Reo Nui Whakauru-Taupānga (Greshake et al., 2023) - arxiv.org
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Raupapa Pepa Tinihanga OWASP - Pepa Tinihanga Ārai Werohanga LLM - cheatsheetseries.owasp.org