Nā wai i hanga te AI?

Whakautu poto: Kāore i hangaia te AI e te tangata kotahi; i puta mai i roto i te mahi a te tini o ngā kairangahau i roto i ngā wā. Mena e hiahiatia ana he kaiwhakaū whaimana, ko John McCarthy te whakautu paerewa, ko Alan Turing mā i whakatakoto i ngā turanga hohonu ake ( Stanford , Britannica ).

Ngā kōrero matua hei whakaaroaro:

Whiwhinga : Whakaingoatia a John McCarthy ina pā te pātai ki te AI hei mara whaimana.

Ngā Pūtake : Whakahuatia a Alan Turing ina arotahi ana ki ngā ariā tōmua o te whakaaro mīhini.

Kaihanga : Whakaurua a Newell, a Simon, me Minsky ina kōrerohia ngā pūnaha AI tuatahi e mahi ana.

Tirohanga : Āta karohia ngā kōrero auaha takitahi; whakamāramahia i tipu te AI mā roto i ngā kaupapa taupatupatu me ngā tīma mahi tahi.

Te whakamahinga o ēnei rā : Me whakanui ko te hangarau mohio o ēnei rā e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mahi tahi nui, ngā raraunga, ngā taputapu, me te hangarau.

Nā wai i hanga te AI? Te Whakautu Poto rawa atu 🧠

Kaua e whakauaua rawa ngā mea i te tīmatanga.

Ki te pātai mai tetahi ko wai i hanga te AI?, ko te whakautu poto rawa atu ko tēnei: ​​Ko te AI hei mara whaimana ka kiia ko John McCarthy , nā te mea i āwhina ia ki te tautuhi mārama i te mara, ā, i tapaina tōna ingoa. Engari he wāhanga noa iho taua whakautu o te pikitia. ( www-formal.stanford.edu )

Ko ētahi atu kaitautoko nui ko:

• Alan Turing - mō te pātai mēnā ka taea e ngā mīhini te whakaaro, me te whakatakoto i ngā kaupapa matua o te ariā

• Marvin Minsky - mō te whakatairanga i ngā rangahau AI o mua i roto i tētahi huarahi nui, tūmatanui

• Allen Newell rāua ko Herbert Simon - mō te hanga i ētahi o ngā kaupapa tuatahi i tino whai i te whakaaro tangata

• Claude Shannon - mō te hono i te arorau, te mōhiohio, me ngā tukanga mīhini i ngā huarahi tino hira

• Norbert Wiener - mō ngā kaupapa cybernetics, ngā pūnaha urupare, me ngā whakaaro whakahaere mīhini i whāngaihia ki te whakaaro AI

Āe, kei reira ngā ingoa rongonui. Engari kāo, kāore he kaihanga kotahi e tū ana i runga ake i te katoa pērā i te kīngi o ngā karetao 👑🤖

He rite tonu te AI ki tētahi whāriki raranga i hangaia e te hunga tino pukumahi me ngā papa tuhi, ngā whārite, ngā tautohetohe, me te nui rawa pea o te kawhe.

He aha te take i uaua ake ai te pātai "Nā wai i hanga te AI?" i tōna āhua 🤔

He māmā noa iho te ahua o tēnei pātai, engari e toru ngā pātai rerekē kei roto.

1. Nā wai i tito te ariā o ngā mīhini atamai?

Ka hoki anō koe ki te rapunga whakaaro me te arorau . I mua noa atu i te taenga mai o ngā rorohiko o ēnei rā, kua whakaaro kē te iwi mēnā ka taea te whakamahi mīhini i te whakaaro. Ka taea e te whakaaro te whai i ngā ture? Ka taea e te mīhini te whai i te whakatau? Ka taea te whakaiti i te mātauranga ki ngā hikoinga?

He mea nui aua pātai nā te mea kāore te AI i puta mai i hea noa atu. I tipu ake i te whakapono ka taea te whakaahua i te whakaaro.

2. Nā wai i huri te whakaaro hei mara rangahau?

Koinei te wāhi i whaimana ai te mara o te AI, i whai whakaritenga ake ai, i whai hiranga ake ai. Engari i te miharo noa iho, ka tīmata ngā kairangahau ki te kī, "Me tautuhi tātou i te raruraru, me hanga tauira, me whakahaere whakamātautau, me hanga hoki ngā mīhini kia mahi i ngā mahi atamai."

Ko taua nekehanga - mai i te moemoeā ki te whakahaere - he wāhanga nui tēnei o te take e nui ai te mihi ki a John McCarthy.

3. Nā wai i hanga ngā pūnaha i tūturu ai te AI?

He paparanga anō tēnei. He mea anō te whakaingoa i te mara. He mea anō te hanga pūnaha whai hua. Nā ngā kairangahau rerekē i whai hua ai te AI i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē - ngā rauropi rapu, te whakaaro tohu, ngā whatunga io, te ako mīhini, ngā tauira reo, ngā pūnaha tirohanga, te karetao, me ērā atu mea anō.

Nō reira, ina pātai te tangata nā wai i hanga te AI?, he rerekē ngā tikanga o ā rātou tikanga, engari kāore rātou i te mōhio. Koia te take ka ahua pahekeheke te whakautu. Ā, he tika tēnā.

He aha te mea e pai ai te putanga o "Nā wai i hanga te AI?" ✅

Kāore te putanga pai o tēnei pātai e rapu ana i tētahi kaihanga makutu. E rapu ana i te taumata tika o te whiwhinga .

Anei ngā āhuatanga e pai ai te whakautu:

• Ka wehea te auahatanga mai i te whakapūmautanga

  • Ko te tangata tuatahi ki te whakaaro i te atamai mīhini ehara i te mea ko ia te tangata nāna i hanga te mara.

• E whakamihi ana i ngā paionia maha

  • He tokomaha ngā kaiwhakaū o te AI, kāore he kaiwhakaū kotahi. He whakaaro ma noa iho tēnā.

• Kei roto ko te ariā me te mahi

  • He mea nui ngā whakaaro, engari he mea nui anō hoki ngā pūnaha mahi.

• Ka karohia te karakia toa

  • He pai ki te hītori hangarau te pūrākau mō te tangata takitahi nā te mea he ngāwari ki te tākai. He uaua ake te kōrero mō te hītori tūturu.

• E whakamārama ana tēnei he aha i puta tonu mai ai ētahi ingoa

  • Kāore i rite te mahi a ia kaitautoko. Ko ētahi i tito whakaaro. Ko ētahi i hanga pūnaha. Ko ētahi i whakatenatena i ētahi atu he mea tika kia whai i te kaupapa katoa.

• E whakaae ana kua rerekē te āhua o te mara

  • Kāore te AI o mua i rite ki te AI o ēnei rā. He whānau kotahi, he taonga rerekē.

Koinei pea te huarahi pai ki te whakaaro mōna. Ehara i te mea "Nā wai anake i mahi?" engari "Nā wai i hanga te ara i taea ai?" Kāore pea i te tino whakaari - engari he tata atu ki te pono.

Ripanga Whakataurite - Ngā Tangata Matua kei Muri i te Whakautu ki te pātai "Nā Wai i Hanga te AI?" 📊

Anei tētahi putanga whai tikanga ake. Kāore te hītori e hiahia ki tētahi utu 😅

Ahua	Te hunga whakarongo pai rawa atu	He aha i mahi ai
Hoani Mākariti	Ngā kaipānui e hiahia ana ki te whakautu whaimana a te kaiwhakaū	I titoa te kupu, ā, i āwhina i te hanga i te AI hei mara tika. He whakautu ma, ko te nuinga
Alan Turing	Ngā tāngata e hiahia ana ki ngā takenga hohonu	I pātaihia mēnā ka taea e ngā mīhini te whakaaro, ko tēhea te tīmatanga o te āwhā 🌩️
Marvin Minsky	Te tangata e ako ana i te ahurea AI o mua	He nui te awe o ngā kaitautoko AI o mua ki te rangahau me te tūranga tino kitea
Allen Newell + Herbert Simon	He hunga e aroha ana ki ngā ariā, he hunga e aro nui ana ki te rangahau	I hangaia ngā kaupapa whakaaro wawe - ngā mahi tūturu, kaua ko te whakapae noa iho
Claude Shannon	Ngā kaipānui hangarau	Ngā mōhiohio hono, ngā arorau, me ngā tātaitanga i roto i te huarahi taketake
Nōpere Wiener	Ngā kaipūtaiao pūnaha	Nā ngā pūnaha urupare me te whakahaere i pana ngā kōrerorero matauranga-mīhini ki mua
Frank Rosenblatt	Te mano o ngā pūnaha ako	Te whakaaro whatunga io o mua - he wawata nui, he koretake, ā, kei mua i tōna wā
He maha ngā tīma kāore i te ingoa	Ko te tangata e hiahia ana ki te whakautu pono	Nā te mea he mahi tahi te AI, he iti ake te kanapa engari he tino tika ake 🙃

He iti noa te amuamu mō te whakatakotoranga - kāore te hītori e tino uru ki ngā ripanga momo hua. Heoi anō, e whakamārama ana i te kaupapa.

Te Pūrākau mō te Tangata Pūkenga Mokemoke i roto i te AI 🚫🦸

He pai ki te tangata te kōrero kotahi te kaihanga nā te mea he mea whakamīharo. Kotahi te tangata, kotahi te wā, kotahi te mea hou. He ātaahua, he ma. Engari kāore te AI e pai ki te whanonga pēnā.

Ka pakaru te pūrākau mō te mokemoke mō ētahi take:

• Ka whakawhirinaki te AI ki ngā momo marautanga maha

  • Arorau

  • pāngarau

  • pūtaiao roro

  • mātauranga reo

  • hangarau rorohiko

  • pūtaiao hinengaro

• I whakatauhia e ngā paionia rerekē ngā wāhanga rerekē o te panga

  • kotahi te whakaaro whaitake

  • tētahi atu akoranga kua whakahaeretia

  • tētahi atu mōhiohio whaimana

  • i panaia ngā mīhini e tētahi atu ki te reo, ki te tirohanga rānei

• Kāore i te ōrite te ahunga whakamua o te mara

  • I ētahi wā he mana nui ngā pūnaha tohu

  • i ētahi wā ka piki ake ngā tikanga ako

  • i ētahi wā ka hinga te tumanako, ka maroke te pūtea

He mea nui te kore taurite. Ko te tikanga kāore i "hangaia" te AI i tētahi wā. I hangaia anōtia i ngā wā katoa.

E kī ana tētahi rōpū he arorau te mātauranga, e kī ana tētahi he mōhiotanga tauira, e kī ana tētahi he urutau, kātahi ka tautohe te katoa mō ngā tau maha. Ko te hītori o te AI he rite tonu ki tēnā, engari me ngā tono putea me ētahi atu whārite.

Ngā Tūāpapa Tūatahi - I mua i te Ingoa o te AI 🏗️

I mua i te rongonuitanga o te AI hei mara, me whai anga mō te whakaaro ki te whakaaro. He rerenga kōrero tauhou tēnei, āe, engari me mahara tonu.

I ahu mai te kaupapa matua i ngā tāngata e ngana ana ki te whakautu i ngā pātai pēnei i:

• Ka taea te whakaatu i te whakaaro mā roto i ngā tohu?

• Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā raruraru ki ngā taahiraa?

• Ka taea e ngā mīhini te whai i ngā ture āhuahanga?

• E taea ana te whakaatu i te mātauranga, kaua ko te whakamoemititia noa iho?

Koinei te wāhi te arorau ōkawa . Mēnā ka taea te whakatauira i te whakaaro hei tukanga hanganga, tērā pea ka taea e te mīhini te whakaputa anō i ētahi wāhanga o taua whakaaro. E mārama ana te ahua o taua whakaaro ināianei, engari i taua wā he tino rerekē, ā, ka waiho te iwi kia harikoa, kia paku miharo rānei.

Alan Turing hei kaupapa matua i konei nā te mea i āwhina ia ki te tautuhi i te tikanga o te tatau. He mea nui ake tēnei i te mea e mōhiotia ana e te tangata. I mua i te pātai atu mēnā ka taea e te mīhini te whakaaro, me whai whakaaro koe ki ngā mahi ka taea e te mīhini te mahi i roto i te kaupapa.

Ā, kei reira anō a Claude Shannon , nāna i āwhina ki te whakaatu ka taea te whakahaere i ngā mōhiohio mā te pāngarau. He ahua kore toto te ahua o tēnā i runga i te pepa, engari he mea nui rawa atu. I te tīmatanga o te kōrero a ngā mōhiohio, ngā arorau, me ngā ara iahiko i te reo kotahi, ka iti haere te kohu o te huarahi ki te AI.

Nō reira, ki te pātai koe ko wai i hanga te AI?, kāore e taea te wareware i ēnei kaihoahoa hinengaro o mua. Kāore i tāpirihia e rātou ngā pereki anake - i tuhia e rātou te mahere. ( OUP Academic )

John McCarthy me te Wā i Huri ai te AI hei Marae 🏷️💡

Mena he tangata kotahi e tika ana kia whakanuia, ko John McCarthy .

He aha ai? Nā te mea i āwhina ia ki te huri i ngā whakaaro marara hei mara e mōhiotia ana ko te matauranga horihori. Ehara i te mea iti te whakaingoa i tētahi mara. Ka hanga i te pūtea, i ngā kaupapa rangahau, i te tuakiri mātauranga, me te whakaaro whānui. Kia whai ingoa tētahi mea, ka taea e te tangata te huihui ki reira, te tautohetohe, te whakaeke, te tiaki - kātahi ka puta ake i roto i te huarahi whaimana.

Koia te take he tokomaha e whakautu ana i te pātai nā wai i hanga te AI? me te ingoa o McCarthy.

He mea nui tana tūranga nā te mea e toru ngā mea nui i mahia e ia:

• I whakaarohia e ia te matauranga mīhini hei wero pūtaiao tika

• I āwhina ia ki te tautuhi i te AI hei wāhanga ako motuhake

• I akiaki ia i ngā whāinga nui, kaua i ngā whāinga iti noa iho

Heoi anō, ki te tika, ehara te whakaingoa i tētahi mara i te hanga takitahi i ngā mea katoa ki roto. Heoi anō, i hiahiatia he tangata māia hei kī, "He mea tēnei, ā, ka whaia e mātou tēnei kaupapa."

Me māia tēnā. Tērā pea he uaua ki te ako... e rua pea. ( www-formal.stanford.edu )

Ngā Kaihanga - Ko te hunga nāna i hanga te AI e mahi i tētahi mea whai hua ⚙️

Koinei te wāhi e tino whai hua ai te kōrero.

a Allen Newell rāua ko Herbert Simon nā te mea i hangaia e rāua ngā kaupapa tōmua i whakamātau i te whakaaroaro me te whakaoti rapanga. Ehara i te ariā anake - engari ko ngā pūnaha tūturu. He rerekētanga nui tēnā. He nui te rerekētanga i waenga i te kī "tērā pea ka whakaaro ngā mīhini" me te hanga i tētahi e taea ai te whakaoti rapanga hanganga i roto i te huarahi e rite ana ki te whakaaro.

Marvin Minsky tētahi o ngā tino tangata rongonui o mua mō te hangarau mohio, ā, i āwhina ia ki te hanga i te ahurea rangahau me te whakatairanga i ngā huarahi whakahirahira. Kāore ia i noho ko ia anake, engari i horapa atu tōna awe ki tawhiti.

Kātahi ka whai kairangahau e tūhura ana i ngā pūnaha ako. He mea nui tēnei taha o te AI nā te mea ehara i te mea ko te arorau pumau anake te mea nui o te mātauranga. Engari ko te urutau anō hoki. Ko ngā mīhini e whakapai ake ana mā te whakaaturanga, te urupare, me te whakatikatika e tohu ana i tētahi rapunga whakaaro rerekē mō te mātauranga - he mea ngāwari ake pea.

Koinei te wāhi te whakaaro whatunga-io ki te kōrero. He iti noa ngā putanga o mua, i ētahi wā he nui rawa te whakamoemiti, ā, i ētahi wā ka whakaarohia pērā i te heke mai i mua i te rite o te heke mai. Engari i reira te purapura 🌱

Nō reira, ko wai i hanga te AI? kei runga i te mea e tino aro ana koe ki:

• te tautuhi i te mara,

• te whakatū i te ariā,

• te hanga i ngā pūnaha whakaaro tuatahi,

• te whakawhanake rānei i ngā pūnaha e ako ai.

E tohu ana ia ara ki ngā paionia e taupatupatu ana engari he rerekē. ( cmu.edu )

Te Hangarau Hangarau Tohu me te Hangarau Hangarau Ako - Ngā Huarahi Nui e Rua, Kotahi te Haerenga... He Āhua 🛣️

He mea nui ake tēnei wāhanga i tōna āhua tuatahi.

He nui ngā mahi hangarau mohio o mua i aro ki te whakaaro tohu . Arā, ko te whakaatu i te mātauranga mā te whakamahi i ngā tohu, ngā ture, me ngā hanganga arorau. E whakaarohia ana te matauranga he rite ki te whakaoti rapanga hanganga.

Ko tētahi atu peka nui i aro nui ki te ako mai i ngā raraunga , te mōhio ki ngā tauira, me te whakatikatika. E whakaarohia ana e tēnei ko te mātauranga he mea ngāwari ake, kāore i te tino mārama te whakakōwae ā-ringa.

I hangaia te hangarau mohio o te hangarau (AI). I kawea mai e rāua ngā whakaaro whai hua. He iti noa iho ngā herenga o ia huarahi.

I kaha te AI tohu i te wā:

• i mārama ngā ture

• he mea nui te arorau

• ka taea te whakakōwae i ngā mōhiotanga tohunga

I kaha te AI ako-e-hangai ana i te wā:

• he uaua ngā tauira

• he nui ngā raraunga

• ko te raruraru i uru atu ki te mōhio, kaua ki te whakatau tika

Kua pekepeke te mara i waenga i ēnei momo, pērā i te kete hokohoko me te wira kotahi kua pakaru. Kei te neke tonu, he haruru noa iho 😬

He mea nui tēnei mō te pātai nā te mea he kaha ake te hononga o ngā "kaihanga" rerekē ki ngā tikanga tuku iho rerekē. Nō reira, ina kī tetahi tangata ko Turing, ka kī tetahi ko McCarthy, ka kī tetahi ko Rosenblatt, tera pea kei te kōrero rātou mō tētahi manga rerekē o te awa nui kotahi. ( britannica.com )

He aha te AI Hou ehara i te mahi a tētahi wā 🌍

Ko te hangarau mohio o ēnei rā, te momo e whakamahia ana e te tangata mō te tuhituhi, te whakaputa whakaahua, ngā taunakitanga, ngā taputapu reo, te rapu, te karetao, me ngā mahi reo, i ahu mai i tētahi paparanga ki tētahi paparanga o te ahunga whakamua.

I hiahiatia:

• pūtaiao rorohiko ariā

• taputapu pai ake

• ngā huinga raraunga nui ake

• ngā tikanga whakangungu kua whakapaitia

• ngā putanga tatauranga

• hangarau i te tauine

• ngā tīma, ngā taiwhanga, me ngā hanganga

He mea nui rawa atu tēnā mea whakamutunga. He mahi tahi te AI hou. Nā ngā kairangahau, ngā kaituhi tuhinga, ngā kaihoahoa maramara, ngā kaihanga pūmanawa, ngā tīma hua, ngā kaiarotake haumaru, ngā tohunga reo, ngā tohunga pāngarau, me ētahi atu anō hoki i hanga. Ka memeha haere te pūrākau mō tētahi kaihanga i konei.

Nō reira, ki te pātai mai tetahi, "Nā wai i hanga te AI e mōhiotia nei e tātou i nāianei?" ka horapa te whakautu mai i ētahi paionia rongonui ki ngā hapori nui o ngā kaitautoko.

Ā, tera pea he ahua koretake tēnā. Engari he pono. Ko te auahatanga tūturu he maha ngā wā kāore i te rite ki tētahi whakamaharatanga engari he rite ki tētahi tāone nui - he raranga, he paparanga, he kīkī, ā, he mea hanga e te hunga kāore e tūtaki tetahi ki tetahi.

He aha te take e hiahia tonu ai te tangata ki te ingoa kotahi 👀

Ahakoa kua rongo i ēnei mea katoa, he tokomaha tonu te hunga e hiahia ana ki tētahi whakautu kotahi. He mea noa tēnā.

E hiahia ana mātou ki te māmā noa iho nā te mea:

• he māmā ake te maumahara

• ka pai ake ngā pane kōrero

• he maha ngā wā ka whakawhāitihia te hītori e ngā kura me ngā pāpāho

• e pai ake ana te tangata ki ngā toa i ngā pūnaha

He āhuatanga whakawhirinaki anō hoki. Ki te taea e koe te tāpiri i tētahi mea hou ki tētahi tangata e mōhiotia ana, ka mā ake te ahua o te kōrero. Engari, kāore te hītori e tika ana kia ātaahua tātou.

Mena me whiriwhiri koe i tētahi ingoa e whakaaetia whānuitia ana mō te whakatūnga mana o te AI, John McCarthy te mea tino tika.

Ki te hiahia koe ki te kōrero hohonu ake mō te takenga mai o te hinengaro, ko Alan Turing te kaituhi tino pai.

Ki te hiahia koe ki ngā kaihanga tōmua whai hua, a Newell, Simon, me Minsky .

Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakautu tino tika? I hangaia te AI e tētahi whatunga o ngā kaitātari whakaaro me ngā kaihanga i roto i te wā . Kāore i te tino hopu, he ahua whakarihariha, engari kei reira.

Whakaaro Whakamutunga - Nā wai i Hanga te AI? 🧩

Anei te whakatau tino mārama.

Nā wai i hanga te AI? Kāore he tangata kotahi i hanga.

E whakanuia ana a John McCarthy Nā Alan Turing i whakatakoto ngā kaupapa ariā nui. Nā Newell rāua ko Simon i hanga ētahi o ngā pūnaha whakaaro tuatahi. Nā Minsky i whakatairanga ngā rangahau AI tuatahi. Nā Shannon , Wiener , Rosenblatt , me te tini ke atu i takoha ngā mahi nui.

Ko te whakautu tūturu ko te mahi tahi.

Ā, nā tēnā ka nui ake te whakamere o te AI, ehara i te mea iti iho. Ehara i te hua o tētahi tangata mohio e titiro matatau ana ki tētahi mata kanapa. I hangaia mai i ngā tautohetohe, i ngā korenga, i ngā whakaaro auaha, i ngā whakamātautau, i ngā ara kore, i ngā hokinga mai, me te wawata nui. He tino tangata, arā, ❤️

Nō reira, ā te wā e pātai mai ai tētahi ko wai i hanga te AI? , ka taea e koe te tuku i te whakautu atamai me te kore e rite ki te pukapuka ako:

Kāore i hangaia te AI e te tangata kotahi - engari ki te hiahia koe ki tētahi kaiwhakaū whaimana, ko John McCarthy te ingoa e tohua ana e te nuinga o te tangata, me Alan Turing me ētahi atu paionia e tata ana ki muri. ( www-formal.stanford.edu )

He āhua pōrearea. He āhua kanapa. He tino tūturu.

Ngā Pātai Auau

Nā wai i hanga te AI i te tikanga māmā rawa, i te tikanga whānuitia hoki?

Kāore he tangata kotahi i hanga i te AI māna ake. Ko te whakautu poto mārama ko te whakamihi i a John McCarthy mō te whakatūnga o te AI hei mara whaimana nā te mea i āwhina ia ki te tautuhi me te tapa i tōna ingoa. Heoi, ko te whakautu whānui ake, tika ake ko te hanga o te AI i roto i te wā e te tini o ngā kairangahau.

He aha i maha ai te whakaingoatanga o John McCarthy ina pātai te tangata ko wai te kaihanga o te AI?

He tino rongonui a John McCarthy nā te mea i āwhina ia ki te huri i ngā whakaaro marara mō te mātauranga mīhini hei mara mātauranga e mōhiotia ana. He mea nui te hoatu ingoa ki te AI nā te mea i āwhina i te hanga rangahau, putea, me te kōrero a te marea. Kāore i hanga e ia te AI katoa, engari i whai wāhi nui ia ki te whakatū i tēnei hei mara mana.

I hangaia e Alan Turing te AI i mua i te whai ingoa o te mara?

Ko Alan Turing tētahi o ngā tino tangata i ahu mai i te AI, ahakoa kāore ia i te whakaahuatia ko ia anake te kaiwhakaū. Nā tana mahi ki te tatau, me tana pātai rongonui mō te taea e ngā mīhini te whakaaro, i homai he pūtake ariā nui ki te mara. Nāna i āwhina te hanga i te AI kia taea te whakaaro i mua i tōna noho hei wāhanga rangahau kua whakaritea.

Nā wai i hanga ngā kaupapa AI tuatahi i whakaaroaro mā roto i ngā raruraru?

Ko Allen Newell rāua ko Herbert Simon ngā mea nui o konei nā te mea i hangaia e rāua ētahi o ngā kaupapa tuatahi i hangaia hei whai i te whakaaro tangata me te whakaoti rapanga. Nā tēnā i tino hira ai rāua i roto i te hītori mahi o te AI. I whakaatuhia e ā rāua mahi ka taea e te mohio mīhini te neke mai i te ariā ki ngā pūnaha mahi.

He aha te tūranga a Marvin Minsky i ngā wā o mua o te hangarau mohio (AI)?

Ko Marvin Minsky tētahi o ngā kairangahau AI tino kitea, tino whai mana hoki i ngā wā o mua. I āwhina ia ki te whakatairanga i te mara i roto i ngā wāhi tūmatanui me ngā wāhi mātauranga, i te hanga i te ahurea rangahau me te whakatenatena i ngā whāinga nui. Ehara i te mea ko ia anake te paionia, engari nā tōna awe i waiho ia hei tētahi o ngā ingoa e puta tonu ana i roto i ngā hītori nui o te AI.

I pēhea te awe o Claude Shannon rāua ko Norbert Wiener ki te mātauranga horihori?

Nā Claude Shannon i āwhina te hononga o te arorau, te mōhiohio, me te tātaitanga i roto i ngā huarahi i taea ai te mahi a te AI i muri mai. Nā te mahi a Norbert Wiener mō te cybernetics, te urupare, me ngā pūnaha whakahaere i hanga anō hoki te whakaaro o te tangata mō ngā mīhini atamai. Kāore tetahi o rātou e kiia ko rātou anake te kaihanga o te AI, engari i āwhina ngā mea e rua ki te hanga i te anga hinengaro huri noa i taua mea.

He aha te pātai "nā wai i hanga te AI?" i uaua ake i te āhua o te whakaaro?

Nā te mea he rerekē ngā tikanga a te tangata ina pātaihia. Ko tā ētahi he whakaaro nā wai i whakaaro tuatahi ki ngā mīhini atamai, ko tā ētahi he whakaaro nā wai i huri te AI hei mara whaimana, ā, ko tā ētahi he whakaaro nā wai i hanga ngā pūnaha tōmua i tino mahi. Kia wehea aua tikanga, ka mārama ake te whakautu, ā, ka mahi tahi anō hoki.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te AI tohu me te AI ako-e hangai ana?

Ko te AI Tohu e whakaaro ana ki te mātauranga hei ture, hei tohu, hei arorau hanganga. Ko te AI ako-e aro nui ana ki ngā tauira, ngā raraunga, me ngā pūnaha e whakapai ake ana mā te whakaaturanga me te urupare. E whakamārama ana te tuhinga i hangaia e ngā huarahi e rua te mara, koia te take e honoa ai ngā paionia rerekē ki ngā whakaaro rerekē mō te AI.

Nā wai i hanga te AI e whakamahia nei e tātou i ēnei rā i roto i ngā karetao kōrerorero, i ngā taputapu rapu, me ngā taputapu whakaahua?

He iti ake te mahi a te tangata kotahi te AI hou i ērā o ngā AI o mua. I tipu ake i roto i ngā paparanga o te ariā, te ahunga whakamua o ngā taputapu, ngā huinga raraunga nui ake, ngā tikanga whakangungu pai ake, me te hangarau i te tauine nui. I roto i te mahi, ko te AI e whakamahia ana e te tangata i ēnei rā i ahu mai i ngā hapori nui o ngā kairangahau, ngā miihini, ngā kaituhi tuhinga, me ngā tīma hua, kaua i te mea mai i te kaihanga kotahi.

He aha te take e hiahia tonu ai te iwi ki tētahi ingoa kotahi mō te kaihanga o te AI?

Kotahi te ingoa e hiahiatia ana e te tangata, nā te mea ka māmā ake te maumahara ki te hītori, ka māmā ake hoki te whakamārama. He mārama ake te āhua o te kōrero mō te kaihanga kotahi, ahakoa kāore i oti. Koia te take e whakahuatia ai a John McCarthy hei whakautu whaimana mō te kaihanga, engari ko Alan Turing me ētahi atu paionia he mea nui tonu ki te kōrero whānui.

Ngā Tohutoro

1. Te Whare Wānanga o Stanford - He Tono mō te Kaupapa Rangahau Raumati o Dartmouth mō te Maramarama Horihori - www-formal.stanford.edu

2. Te Pūtaiao Rapunga Whakaaro o Stanford - Te Mātauranga Horihori - plato.stanford.edu

1. Oxford Academic (Mind Journal) - Ngā Mīhini Rorohiko me te Matauranga - academic.oup.com

2. Oxford Academic (Ngā Mahi a te London Mathematical Society) - Mō ngā Tau Tatau, me te Tono ki te Entscheidungsproblem - academic.oup.com

3. Ngā Pūrongo MIT - Panui mate mō Marvin Minsky - news.mit.edu

4. Te Whare Wānanga o Carnegie Mellon - Hītori – Te Kaupapa a Simon - cmu.edu

5. Ngā Taiwhanga Nokia Bell - Claude Shannon me te ao matihiko - nokia.com

6. Te Mātāpuna Kōrero Piritana - Mātauranga Horihori: Ngā Tikanga me ngā Whāinga i roto i te AI - britannica.com

7. Cornell Chronicle - Nā Perceptron i whakatakoto te ara mō te AI - news.cornell.edu

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