He rite tonu te ahua o te AI ki tētahi mahi makutu i ētahi wā. Ka patohia e koe tētahi pātai matapōkere, ā, ka puta mai he whakautu maeneene, ātaahua i roto i ngā hēkona. Engari anei te mea nui: kei muri i ia mīhini "mōhio", kei reira tonu ngā tāngata e akiaki ana, e whakatika ana, e hanga ana i taua mea i te huarahi. Ka kiia aua tāngata he kaiwhakaako AI, ā, he rerekē ake, he katakata ake, he tangata ake hoki tā rātou mahi i tā te nuinga o te tangata e whakaaro nei.
Me tirotiro tātou he aha te hiranga o ēnei kaiwhakaako, he aha te āhua o ā rātou mahi o ia rā, me te take i tere ake ai te tipu o tēnei tūranga i tā te tangata i whakaaro ai.
Ngā tuhinga ka pai pea koe ki te pānui i muri i tēnei:
🔗 He aha te AI arbitrage: Ko te pono kei muri i te kupu rongonui
E whakamārama ana i te arbitrage AI, ōna mōrearea, ōna painga, me ngā whakaaro hē e mōhiotia whānuitia ana.
🔗 Ngā whakaritenga rokiroki raraunga mō te AI: Ngā mea e tika ana kia mōhio koe
E kapi ana i ngā hiahia rokiroki, te tauine, me te whai huatanga o ngā pūnaha AI.
🔗 Ko wai te matua o te AI?
Ka tūhuratia ngā paionia o te AI me ngā pūtake o te mātauranga horihori.
He aha te mea e hanga ana i tētahi Kaiwhakangungu AI pakari? 🏆
Ehara i te mahi pēhi pātene. Ko ngā kaiwhakangungu pai rawa atu e whakawhirinaki ana ki tētahi ranunga pūkenga tino rerekē:
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Manawanui (he nui) - Kāore ngā tauira e ako i te wā kotahi. Ka mahi tonu ngā kaiwhakaako i ngā whakatikatika ōrite kia mau rā anō.
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Te kimi i ngā āhuatanga rerekē - Ko te hopu i te whakatoi, i te horopaki ahurea, i te whakaaro pākiki rānei te mea e whai hua ai te urupare a te tangata [1].
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He whakawhitiwhiti kōrero māmā - Ko te haurua o te mahi he tuhi i ngā tohutohu mārama e kore e taea e te AI te he te pānui.
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Te hiahia ki te mōhio + ngā tikanga matatika - Ka pātai te kaiako pai mēnā he "tika" te whakautu engari he koretake te reo o te hapori - he kaupapa nui tēnei i roto i te tirotiro i te AI [2].
He kī māmā noa iho: he wāhanga kaiako te kaiwhakaako, he wāhanga ētita, ā, he paku tohunga matatika anō hoki.
He Tirohanga Poto ki ngā Tūranga Kaiwhakangungu AI (Me Ētahi Āhuatanga Huatau 😉)
| Momo Tūranga | Ko wai te mea tino pai | Utu Noa | He aha i pai ai (kāore rānei e pai) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kaiwhakatakoto Raraunga | Ngā tāngata e aroha ana ki ngā taipitopito iti | Iti–Waenga $$ | He mea tino nui; ki te koretake ngā tapanga, ka pāngia te tauira katoa [3] 📊 |
| Tohunga RLHF | Ngā kaituhi, ngā ētita, ngā kaitātari | Waenga–Teitei $$ | Ka whakarārangi, ka tuhi anō hoki i ngā whakautu kia rite ai te reo me te māramatanga ki ngā tumanakohanga a te tangata [1] |
| Kaiwhakangungu Rohe | Ngā rōia, ngā tākuta, ngā tohunga | Kei runga i te mapi katoa 💼 | Ka whakahaere i ngā kupu motuhake me ngā tauira taha mō ngā pūnaha ahumahi-motuhake |
| Kaitātari Haumaru | Ngā tāngata whai whakaaro matatika | $$ Waenga | Ka whakamahia ngā aratohu kia kore ai te AI e whakamahi i ngā ihirangi kino [2][5] |
| Kaiwhakangungu Auaha | Ngā kaitoi, ngā kaikōrero pakiwaitara | Kāore e taea te matapae 💡 | Ka āwhina te AI ki te whakaata i te whakaaro auaha me te noho tonu i roto i ngā rohe haumaru [5] |
(Āe, he ahua pōrearea te whakatakotoranga - he rite tonu ki te mahi tonu.)
He Rā i te Oranga o tētahi Kaiwhakangungu AI
He aha te āhua o te mahi tuturu? Whakaarohia te waehere iti ake te ataahua, engari me ētahi atu:
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Te whakarārangi i ngā whakautu kua tuhia e te AI mai i te kino rawa ki te pai rawa (te taahiraa RLHF matarohia) [1].
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Te whakatika i ngā hapa (pēnei i te wā e wareware ana te tauira ehara a Tāwhirimātea i a Māte).
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Te tuhi anō i ngā whakautu a te karetao kōrerorero kia āhua maori ake te tangi.
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Te tapanga i ngā maunga o ngā tuhinga, ngā whakaahua, ngā oro rānei - te mea nui rawa atu o te tika [3].
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Te tautohetohe mēnā he pai te "tika hangarau" me te mea rānei me whakakore ngā aratohu haumaru [2].
He wāhanga mahi uaua, he wāhanga panga. He pono, whakaarohia te whakaako i tētahi kākā kia kaua e kōrero noa engari kia mutu te whakamahi i ngā kupu he paku - koinei te āhua. 🦜
He aha te Hiranga o ngā Kaiwhakangungu i tō Whakaaro
Ki te kore te tangata e ārahi, ka:
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He pakari te tangi, he karetao hoki.
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Te horapa o te whakaaro pākiki me te kore e ārai (he whakaaro whakamataku).
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Tino ngaro te wairua whakakatakata, te aroha rānei.
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Kaua e tino haumaru i ngā horopaki tairongo.
Ko ngā kaiwhakangungu te hunga e ngokingoki ana ki ngā "mea paru o te tangata" - te kupu whakakatakata, te mahana, te kupu whakarite uaua - me te whakamahi anō hoki i ngā ārai hei tiaki i ngā mea [2][5].
Ngā Pūkenga Tino Hiranga
Wareware te kōrero pakiwaitara me whiwhi koe i te tohu PhD. Ko te mea tino āwhina ko:
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Ngā mahi tuhituhi + whakatika - He tuhinga kua oti te oro engari he āhua tūturu [1].
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Whakaaro tātari - Te kite i ngā hapa tauira e auauhia ana me te whakarerekē.
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Te mōhio ki ngā tikanga ahurea - Te mōhio ki te wā e hē ai te whakamahi i ngā kupu [2].
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Manawanui - Nā te mea kāore e tere te mōhio ki te AI.
Ngā tohu tāpiri mō ngā pūkenga reo maha, ngā tohungatanga motuhake rānei.
Ngā Wāhi e Puta Mai Ana Ngā Kaiwhakangungu 🌍
Ehara tēnei mahi i te mea mō ngā karetao kōrerorero anake - kei te uru puku atu ki ngā rāngai katoa:
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Hauora - Te tuhi i ngā ture tuhipoka mō ngā take tata (e whakaatuhia ana i roto i ngā aratohu hauora AI) [2].
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Pūtea - Te whakangungu i ngā pūnaha kimi tinihanga me te kore e totohu te tangata ki ngā whakaoho teka [2].
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Hokohoko - Me whakamahi ngā kaiawhina kaiako i ngā kupu whakakatakata mō ngā kaihoko, me te pupuri tonu i te reo o te waitohu [5].
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Mātauranga - Te hanga i ngā karetao whakaakoranga kia whakatenatena, kaua kia whakamātau noa iho [5].
Ko te tikanga: ki te mea he nohoanga tō te AI i te tēpu, he kaiwhakangungu kei te huna i muri.
Te Wāhanga Matatika (Kāore e Taea te Peke atu i Tēnei)
Koinei te wāhi e tino taumaha ai. Ki te kore e tirotirohia, ka whakahokia e te AI ngā kōrero whakahāwea, ngā kōrero teka, me ētahi atu mea kino atu rānei. Ka aukatihia tēnā e ngā kaiwhakaako mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga pēnei i te RLHF, i ngā ture ā-ture rānei e ārahi ana i ngā tauira ki ngā whakautu āwhina, kore kino [1][5].
Tauira: ki te akiakihia e te karetao ngā taunakitanga mahi whakaaro-kore, ka tohua e te kaiwhakaako, ka tuhia anō te pukapuka ture, ā, ka whakarite kia kore e puta anō. He tirotirohanga tēnā i roto i te mahi [2].
Te taha kore-ngahau
Kāore i te kanapa katoa. Ka aro atu ngā kaiwhakangungu ki:
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Hoha - Ka tawhito haere te whakamahi tapanga mutunga kore.
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Ngenge kare ā-roto - Ka pāngia pea koe e te arotake i ngā ihirangi kino, whakararuraru rānei; he mea nui ngā pūnaha tautoko [4].
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Te kore e mōhiotia - Kāore i te maha ngā kaiwhakamahi e mōhio ana kei te noho ngā kaiwhakangungu.
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Te panoni tonu - Ka whanake tonu ngā taputapu, ko te tikanga me whai tonu ngā kaiwhakaako.
Heoi anō, mō te tini, ko te whakahihiri o te hanga i ngā "roro" o te hangarau te mea e mau tonu ai tō rātou mauri.
Ngā MVP Huna o te AI
Nā, ko wai ngā kaiwhakaako AI? Ko rātou te piriti i waenga i ngā rauropi mata me ngā pūnaha e mahi mā te tangata. Ki te kore rātou, ka rite te AI ki tētahi whare pukapuka kāore he kaitiaki pukapuka - he nui ngā mōhiohio, engari he tata kore e taea te whakamahi.
A te wā e kata ai koe, e "whakaaro pai" ai rānei koe i tētahi karetao kōrerorero, me mihi ki tētahi kaiwhakaako. Ko rātou ngā tāngata marino e kore ai e mahi noa i te tatau, engari e hono ana hoki ngā mīhini [1][2][5].
Ngā Tohutoro
[1] Ouyang, L. et al. (2022). Te whakangungu i ngā tauira reo hei whai i ngā tohutohu me ngā urupare tangata (InstructGPT). NeurIPS. Hononga
[2] NIST (2023). Anga Whakahaere Mōrearea o te Matauranga Horihori (AI RMF 1.0). Hononga
[3] Northcutt, C. et al. (2021). Ka whakararuraru ngā Hapa Tapanga Whānui i roto i ngā Huinga Whakamātautau i ngā Paearu Ako Mīhini. Huinga Raraunga me ngā Paearu NeurIPS. Hononga
[4] WHO/ILO (2022). Ngā aratohu mō te hauora hinengaro i te mahi. Hononga
[5] Bai, Y. et al. (2022). Te AI Ture: Te Kore-Haumarutanga mai i te Urupare AI. arXiv. Hononga