Mena kua rongo koe i te iwi e kōrero ana mō te kupu GPT me te mea he kupu noa iho, ehara i te mea ko koe anake. Ka puta te kupu whakarāpopoto i roto i ngā ingoa hua, i ngā pepa rangahau, me ngā kōrerorero o ia rā. Anei te wāhanga māmā: ko te tikanga o te GPT ko te Generative Pre-trained Transformer. Ko te wāhanga whai hua ko te mōhio he aha te hiranga o aua kupu e whā - nā te mea kei roto i te whakakotahitanga te makutu. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei aratohu: ētahi whakaaro, ētahi kōrero poto, me te maha o ngā akoranga whai hua. 🧠✨
Ngā tuhinga ka pai pea koe ki te pānui i muri i tēnei:
🔗 He aha te AI matapae
Me pēhea te matapae a te AI matapae i ngā putanga mā te whakamahi i ngā raraunga me ngā rauropi.
🔗 He aha te kaiwhakaako AI
Te tūranga, ngā pūkenga, me ngā rerengamahi i muri i te whakangungu i ngā pūnaha AI hou.
🔗 He aha te AI pūtake tuwhera
Te whakamāramatanga, ngā painga, ngā wero, me ngā tauira o te AI pūtake tuwhera.
🔗 He aha te AI tohu: nga mea katoa e hiahia ana koe ki te mohio
Te hītori, ngā tikanga matua, ngā kaha, me ngā herenga o te AI tohu.
Whakautu tere: He aha te tikanga o te kupu GPT?
GPT = Kaiwhakawhiti Whakaputa-mua-whakangungua.
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Whakaputa - ka waihanga ihirangi.
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Kua whakangungua i mua - ka ako whānuitia i mua i te urutau.
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Whakawhitiwhiti - he hoahoa whatunga io e whakamahi ana i te aro-ā-tangata hei whakatauira i ngā whanaungatanga i roto i ngā raraunga.
Ki te hiahia koe ki tētahi whakamāramatanga kotahi-rerekē: he tauira reo nui te GPT e hangai ana ki te hoahoa whakawhiti, kua whakangungua i mua ki ngā tuhinga whānui, kātahi ka whakarerekētia kia whai i ngā tohutohu me te āwhina [1][2].
He aha te hiranga o te kupu whakarāpopoto i te ao tūturu 🤷♀️
He hoha ngā kupu whakarāpopoto, engari e whakaatu ana tēnei i te whanonga o ēnei pūnaha i te ao tūturu. Nā te mea he whakaputa uri, kāore e tiki noa i ngā wāhanga poto - ka whakahiato i ngā whakautu. Nā te mea kua whakangungua i mua, ka puta mai he mātauranga whānui mai i te pouaka, ā, ka taea te whakarerekē tere. Nā te mea he kaiwhakawhitiwhiti, ka pai te tauine me te whakahaere i ngā horopaki tawhiti me te ātaahua ake i ngā hoahoa tawhito [2]. E whakamārama ana te huinga he aha ngā GPT e ahua kōrero ana, e ngāwari ana, ā, he āwhina rerekē i te 2 i te ata ina whakatika ana koe i tētahi regex, e whakamahere ana rānei i tētahi lasagna. Ehara i te mea kua… mahi tahi ahau i ngā mea e rua i te wā kotahi.
Kei te hiahia koe ki te mōhio ki te wāhanga whakawhiti hiko? Mā te tikanga aro ka taea e ngā tauira te arotahi ki ngā wāhanga tino nui o te whakaurunga, kaua ki te aro ki ngā mea katoa - he take nui tēnei e pai ai te mahi a ngā whakawhiti hiko [2].
He aha ngā mea e whai hua ai ngā GPT ✅
Kia pono tātou - he maha ngā kupu AI e whakanuia ana. He rongonui ngā GPT mō ngā take whaihua ake, kaua mō ngā mea ngaro:
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Te aro ki te horopaki - mā te aro ki a ia anō ka āwhina te tauira ki te paunatia ngā kupu ki a rātou anō, ka whakapai ake i te hononga me te rere o ngā whakaaro [2].
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Te Whakawhiti - mā te whakangungu i mua i te whakamahi i ngā raraunga whānui ka hoatu he pūkenga whānui ki te tauira ka taea te whakamahi ki ngā mahi hou me te iti o te urutau [1].
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Te whakatikatika i te aronga - mā te whai i ngā tohutohu mā te urupare tangata (RLHF) ka whakaiti i ngā whakautu kore āwhina, kāore rānei i te tino tika, ā, ka pai te ahua o ngā putanga [3].
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Te tipu maha-ara - ka taea e ngā GPT hou te mahi me ngā whakaahua (me ētahi atu), ka taea ai ngā rerengamahi pēnei i te Pātai me ngā Whakautu tirohanga, te māramatanga tuhinga rānei [4].
Kei te hē tonu ā rātou whakaaro? Ae. Engari he whai hua te kete - he maha ngā wā he mea whakamīharo - nā te mea e whakakotahi ana i te mātauranga mata me tētahi atanga ka taea te whakahaere.
Te wehewehe i ngā kupu i roto i te "He aha te tikanga o te GPT" 🧩
Whakaputa
Ka whakaputahia e te tauira he tuhinga, he waehere, he whakarāpopototanga, he whakatakotoranga, me ētahi atu mea anō hoki - he tohu mō ia tohu - i runga i ngā tauira i akohia i te wā whakangungu. Pātaihia he īmēra matao, ā, ka titohia tonutia e ia tētahi.
Kua whakangungua i mua
I mua i tō pā atu ki tēnei, kua mimiti kētia e te GPT ngā tauira reo whānui mai i ngā kohinga tuhinga nui. Mā te whakangungu-mua ka whiwhi i te pūkenga whānui kia taea ai e koe te urutau ki tō kaupapa motuhake me te iti o ngā raraunga mā te whakatikatika pai, mā te akiaki atamai rānei [1].
Whakawhitiwhiti
Koinei te hoahoa i whai hua ai te tauine. Ka whakamahia e ngā Transformers ngā paparanga aro-whaiaro hei whakatau ko ēhea tohu he mea nui i ia taahiraa - pērā i te tirotiro haere i tētahi paraka me te hoki whakamuri o ō kanohi ki ngā kupu e tika ana, engari ka taea te wehewehe me te whakangungu [2].
Te whakangungu i ngā GPT kia āwhina (mō te wā poto engari kaua e tino poto rawa) 🧪
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Whakangungu-mua - ako ki te matapae i te tohu e whai ake nei puta noa i ngā kohinga tuhinga nunui; mā tēnei ka whakapakari i te pūkenga reo whānui.
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Te whakatikatika pai e tirotirohia ana - ka tuhia e te tangata ngā whakautu tino pai ki ngā tohutohu; ka ako te tauira ki te whai i taua momo [1].
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Te ako whakapakari mai i ngā urupare a te tangata (RLHF) - ka whakarōpūhia e te tangata ngā putanga, ka whakangungua he tauira utu, ā, ka arotauhia te tauira turanga kia puta ai ngā urupare e pai ana ki te tangata. Nā tēnei tunu InstructGPT i āwhina ngā tauira kōrerorero, kaua ki te ako noa iho [3].
He rite tonu te GPT ki te transformer, ki te LLM rānei? He rite tonu, engari kāore i te tino rite 🧭
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Whakawhiti - te hoahoanga matua.
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Tauira Reo Nui (LLM) - he kupu whānui mō tētahi tauira nui e whakangungua ana ki te tuhinga.
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GPT - he whānau o ngā LLM e hangai ana ki te whakawhiti-whakawhiti, he mea whakaputa uri, he mea whakangungu-mua, i rongonuihia e OpenAI [1][2].
Nō reira, he LLM, he whakawhiti hiko hoki ia GPT, engari ehara i te mea he tapawhā me he tapawhā rite ki te whakaaro o te GPT ia tauira whakawhiti hiko.
Te koki "He aha te tikanga o te GPT" i roto i te whenua maha-momo 🎨🖼️🔊
Ka mau tonu te kupu whakarāpopoto ina whāngaihia ngā whakaahua me ngā tuhinga. Ka horapa ngā wāhanga whakaputa me ngā wāhanga kua whakangungua i mua i ngā momo, ko te tuara o te whakawhiti kua whakarerekētia hei whakahaere i ngā momo whakauru maha. Mō te ruku hohonu ki te māramatanga o te whakaahua me ngā tauwhitinga haumaru i roto i ngā GPT e āhei ana ki te tirohanga, tirohia te kāri pūnaha [4].
Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te GPT tika mō tō whakamahinga 🧰
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Te hanga tauira mō tētahi hua - tīmata ki tētahi tauira whānui, ka mahi anō me te hanganga tere; he tere ake i te whai i te whakatikatika tino pai i te rā tuatahi [1].
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He reo pumau, he mahi taumaha rānei ki ngā kaupapa here - whakaarohia te whakatikatika pai e tirotirohia ana me te whakatikatika i runga i ngā manakohanga hei pupuri i te whanonga raka [1][3].
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Ngā rerengamahi tirohanga, ngā rerengamahi tuhinga rānei - ka taea e ngā GPT maha-ara te wetewete i ngā whakaahua, ngā tūtohi, ngā whakaahua mata rānei, me te kore he paipa OCR-anake pakarukaru [4].
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Ngā taiao whai pānga nui, whai ture rānei - kia rite ki ngā anga mōrearea kua mōhiotia, ā, kia whakatūria ngā kēti arotake mō ngā akiaki, ngā raraunga, me ngā putanga [5].
Te whakamahinga tika, mō te wā poto - nā te mea he mea nui 🧯
I te mea ka whatua ēnei tauira ki roto i ngā whakataunga, me āta whakahaere ngā tīma i ngā raraunga, te aromatawai, me te mahi tahi. Ko te tīmatanga mahi ko te mahere i tō pūnaha ki tētahi anga mōrearea kua mōhiotia, kāore e tautokona e te kaihoko. Ko te Anga Whakahaere Mōrearea AI a NIST e whakaatu ana i ngā mahi Whakahaere, Mahere, Ine, me te Whakahaere, ā, e whakarato ana i tētahi kōtaha AI Whakaputa me ngā mahi tūturu [5].
Ngā whakaaro hē noa mō te reti 🗑️
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"He pātengi raraunga e rapu ana i ngā mea."
Kāore. Ko te whanonga matua o te GPT he matapae tohu-muri whakaputa uri; ka taea te tāpiri i te tiki, engari ehara i te mea taunoa [1][2]. -
"Ko te tikanga o te tauira nui ake he pono kua oti te whakarite."
He āwhina te tauine, engari ka taea e ngā tauira kua arotauhia te pai ake i ngā tauira nunui ake kāore i te whakatikatikahia i runga i te āwhina me te haumaru-tikanga, koinei te kaupapa o te RLHF [3]. -
"Ko te tikanga o te Multimodal ko te OCR."
Kāore. Ka whakauruhia e ngā GPT Multimodal ngā āhuatanga tirohanga ki roto i te ara whakaaro o te tauira mō ngā whakautu e mōhio ana ki te horopaki [4].
He whakamārama iti hei whakamahi māu i ngā pāti 🍸
Ki te pātai mai tetahi he aha te tikanga o te GPT, ngana ki tēnei:
"He Kaiwhakawhitiwhiti Whakawhanake-Mua tēnei - he momo AI e ako ana i ngā tauira reo i runga i ngā tuhinga nunui, kātahi ka whakahāngaihia ki ngā urupare a te tangata kia taea ai te whai i ngā tohutohu me te whakaputa whakautu whai hua." [1][2][3]
He poto, he hoa, he āhua nerdy noa iho hei tohu kei te pānui koe i ngā mea i runga i te ipurangi.
He aha te tikanga o te GPT - i tua atu i te tuhinga: ngā rerengamahi mahi ka taea e koe te whakahaere 🛠️
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Te whakaaroaro me te whakarāpopototanga - tuhia te tuhinga, kātahi ka pātai mō ngā whakapainga hanganga pēnei i ngā tohu matā, ngā pane kōrero rerekē, he whakaaro rerekē rānei.
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Raraunga-ki-te-kōrero - whakapirihia he ripanga iti ka tono kia kotahi te paraka whakarāpopototanga matua, ā, whai muri ko ngā mōrearea e rua me te whakaiti i ia mōrearea.
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Ngā whakamārama waehere - tonoa he pānui taahiraa-i-te-taahiraa o tētahi mahi uaua, kātahi ka whakamātauria ētahi.
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Te whakarōpūtanga maha-ara - whakakotahi i tētahi whakaahua o tētahi tūtohi me te tāpiri atu ki: "whakarāpopototia te ia, tuhia ngā rerekētanga, whakaarohia kia rua ngā tirotiro e whai ake nei."
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Putanga e mōhio ana ki ngā kaupapa here - te whakatikatika, te tohutohu rānei i te tauira kia titiro ki ngā aratohu ā-roto, me ngā tohutohu mārama mō ngā mea hei mahi ina kore e tino mārama.
E whakawhirinaki ana ia o ēnei ki te toru kotahi: te putanga whakaputa, te whakangungu whānui i mua i te tīmatanga, me te whakaaro horopaki a te kaiwhakawhiti [1][2].
Kokonga ruku hohonu: te aro ki tētahi kupu whakarite he paku hapa 🧮
Whakaarohia te pānui i tētahi paraka matotoru mō te ōhanga, me te kore e pai te mahi i tētahi kapu kawhe. Kei te tirotiro tonu tō roro i ētahi kupu matua e ahua nui ana, me te tuku i ngā tuhipoka piri ki roto i te hinengaro. He rite taua arotahi whiriwhiri ki te aro. Ka ako ngā Transformers i te nui o te "taumaha aro" hei whakamahi ki ia tohu e pā ana ki ia tohu; ka mahi ngā upoko aro maha pērā i te maha o ngā kaipānui e tirotiro tere ana i ngā mea whakahirahira rerekē, kātahi ka kohikohi i ngā māramatanga [2]. Kāore i te tino tika, e mōhio ana ahau; engari ka mau tonu.
Ngā Pātai Auau: he tino poto ngā whakautu, ko te nuinga
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He rite tonu te GPT ki te ChatGPT?
He wheako hua te ChatGPT i hangaia i runga i ngā tauira GPT. He whānau kotahi, he paparanga rerekē o te UX me ngā taputapu haumaru [1]. -
Ka taea anake e ngā GPT te mahi i ngā tuhinga?
Kāo. He maha ngā momo mahi a ētahi, e whakahaere ana i ngā whakaahua (me ētahi atu) hoki [4]. -
Ka taea e au te whakahaere i te āhua o te tuhi a te GPT?
Āe. Whakamahia te hanganga tere, ngā tohutohu pūnaha, te whakatikatika rānei mō te reo me te piripono ki ngā kaupapa here [1][3]. -
Ā, me pēhea te haumaru me te mōrearea?
Whakamahia ngā anga kua whakaaetia, ā, tuhia ō whiringa [5].
Ngā Kōrero Whakamutunga
Ki te kore koe e maumahara ki tētahi atu mea, kia maumahara ki tēnei: Ko te tikanga o te GPT ehara i te pātai kupu noa iho. Ko te kupu whakarāpopoto e whakamārama ana i tētahi tohutao i whai hua ai te AI hou. Mā te Generative ka puta he putanga matatau. Mā te pre-training ka whānui. te Transformer ka tauine me te horopaki. Tāpirihia he whakatikatika tohutohu kia pai ai te mahi a te pūnaha - ā, kātahi ka whiwhi koe i tētahi kaiawhina whānui e tuhi ana, e whakamārama ana, e urutau ana. He tino tika? Kāore rawa. Engari hei taputapu whai hua mō te mahi mātauranga, he rite ki te maripi Swiss Army e hanga ana i tētahi mata hou i a koe e whakamahi ana ... kātahi ka whakapāha, ka hoatu he whakarāpopototanga ki a koe.
Roa rawa, kāore i pānuihia.
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He aha te tikanga o te GPT: Generative Pre-trained Transformer.
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He aha te hiranga: te whakahiato whakaputa uri + te whakangungu whānui i mua i te tīmatanga + te whakahaere i te horopaki whakawhiti [1][2].
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Te āhua o tōna hanganga: te whakangungu i mua i te tīmatanga, te whakatikatika pai i raro i te tirotiro, me te whakahāngai i te urupare a te tangata [1][3].
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Whakamahia kia pai: kia whai hanganga, kia whakatikatika kia pumau, kia rite ki ngā anga mōrearea [1][3][5].
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Me ako tonu: tirohia te pepa taketake o te transformer, ngā tuhinga OpenAI, me ngā aratohu NIST [1][2][5].
Ngā Tohutoro
[1] OpenAI - Ngā Ariā Matua (whakangungu-mua, whakatikatika-pai, akiaki, tauira)
pānuihia atu
[2] Vaswani me ētahi atu, “Ko te aro anake te mea e hiahiatia ana e koe” (Hoahoa Transformer)
pānuihia atu
[3] Ouyang et al., “Te whakangungu i ngā tauira reo hei whai i ngā tohutohu me ngā urupare tangata” (InstructGPT / RLHF)
pānuihia atu
[4] OpenAI - Kāri Pūnaha GPT-4V(ision) (ngā āheinga maha-momo me te haumaru)
pānuihia atu
[5] NIST - Anga Whakahaere Mōrearea AI (whakahaere kore-kaihoko)
pānuihia atu