Me pēhea te whakamahi a ngā karetao i te AI? [Ataata me te Pātaitai]

Whakautu poto: Ka whakamahia e ngā karetao te AI hei whakahaere i tētahi huringa tonu o te rongo, te mārama, te whakamahere, te mahi, me te ako, kia taea ai e rātou te neke me te mahi haumaru i roto i ngā taiao raruraru, hurihuri. Ina haruru ngā pūoko, ina heke rānei te maia o te mahi, ka puhoi ngā pūnaha kua hangaia pai, ka mutu haumaru, ka tono āwhina rānei, kaua e whakaaro noa.

Ngā kōrero matua hei whakaaroaro:

Porowhita Mana Motuhake: Hangaia he pūnaha e aro ana ki te mārama – te whakamahere – te mahi – te ako, kaua ki te tauira kotahi.

Pakari: He hoahoa mō te kanapa, te raruraru, te paheke, me te nekenekehanga ohorere o te tangata.

Te koretake: Whakaputaina te māia, ka whakamahia hei whakaoho i ngā whanonga haumaru ake, matatika ake.

Ngā rangitaki haumaru: Tuhia ngā mahi me te horopaki kia taea ai te arotake me te whakatika i ngā hapa.

Pūranga ranu: Whakakotahitia te ML me ngā herenga ahupūngao me te mana whakahaere matarohia mō te pono.

Kei raro nei he tirohanga whānui mō te whakamahinga a te AI i roto i ngā karetao hei whakahaere i ā rātou mahi.

Ngā tuhinga ka pai pea koe ki te pānui i muri i tēnei:

🔗 I te wā e whakawehi ana ngā karetao a Elon Musk i ngā mahi
Ngā mahi ka taea e ngā karetao a Tesla te mahi, me ēhea tūranga ka rerekē pea.

🔗 He aha te karetao humanoid AI?
Akohia me pēhea te kite, te neke, me te whai a ngā karetao humanoid i ngā tohutohu.

🔗 He aha ngā mahi ka whakakapia e te AI
Ngā tūranga e tino pāngia ana e te aunoatanga me ngā pūkenga e mau tonu ana te uara.

🔗 Ngā mahi matauranga horihori me ngā mahi ā muri ake nei
Ngā ara mahi a te AI o ēnei rā me te āhua o te hanga hou a te AI i ngā au mahi.

Me pēhea te whakamahi a ngā karetao i te AI? Te tauira hinengaro tere

Ko te nuinga o ngā karetao e whakahohea ana e te AI ka whai i tētahi porowhita penei:

• Mārama 👀: Ngā kāmera, ngā hopuoro, ngā LiDAR, ngā pūoko kaha, ngā waehere wira, me ētahi atu.

• Mārama 🧠: Kimihia ngā taonga, whakatau tata i te tūranga, mōhio ki ngā āhuatanga, matapae i te nekehanga.

• Mahere 🗺️: Kōwhiria ngā whāinga, tatauhia ngā ara haumaru, whakaritea ngā mahi.

• Mahi 🦾: Whakaputa whakahau mō te motuka, hopu, hurihuri, taurite, karohia ngā arai.

• Ako 🔁: Whakapai ake i te tirohanga, i te whanonga rānei mai i ngā raraunga (i ētahi wā i runga ipurangi, i ētahi wā tuimotu).

He maha ngā "AI" karetao he puranga o ngā wāhanga e mahi tahi ana -te tirohanga, te aromatawai āhua, te whakamahere, me te whakahaere- e hono tahi ana ēnei ki te mana motuhake.

Kotahi te mea pono "māra": ko te mea uaua ehara i te mea ko te akiaki i tētahi karetao ki te mahi i tētahi mea i roto i tētahi whakaaturanga ma - engari ko te akiaki i a ia ki te mahi i taua mea ngāwari me te pono ina neke te rama, ina paheke ngā wira, ina kanapa te papa, kua neke ngā whata, ā, kua hikoi te tangata pērā i ngā NPC kore e taea te matapae.

He aha te mea e pai ai te roro AI mō te karetao?

Kaua te pūnaha mohio ā-hinengaro pakari e whakamahi noa i te karetao kia atamai - engari me pono hoki i roto i ngā taiao tūturu, kāore e taea te matapae.

Ko ngā āhuatanga nui ko:

• Te mahi ā-wā tonu ⏱️ (he mea nui te wā tika mō te whakatau kaupapa)

• Te pakari ki ngā raraunga pōrearea (kanapa, haruru, raruraru, pōuri nekehanga)

• Ngā aratau rahunga ātaahua 🧯 (whakaroa, mutu haumaru, tono āwhina)

• Ngā kaupapa o mua pai + te ako pai (ahupūngao + here + mātauranga reo Māori - kaua ko ngā "waiata" anake)

• Te kounga o te tirohanga ka taea te ine 📏 (te mōhio ki te wā e heke ana te kounga o ngā pūoko/tauira)

Ehara i te mea ka taea e ngā karetao pai te mahi i tētahi mahi whakahirahira kotahi, engari ko ērā ka taea te mahi i ngā mahi hoha i ia rā, i ia rā.

Ripanga Whakataurite o ngā Poraka Hanga Robot AI Noa

Te Tirohanga: Me pēhea te huri a ngā karetao i ngā raraunga pūoko mata hei tikanga

Ko te tirohanga te wāhi e huri ai ngā karetao i ngā awa pūoko hei mea ka taea e rātou te whakamahi:

• Kāmera → te mōhio ki ngā mea, te aromatawai i te tū, te mārama ki ngā tirohanga

• LiDAR → tawhiti + āhuahanga arai

• Kāmera hōhonu → Hanganga 3D me te wāhi wātea

• Ngā hopuoro → ngā tohu kōrero me ngā tohu oro

• Ngā pūoko kaha/taipana → te hopu haumaru me te mahi tahi

• Ngā pūoko pā → te kitenga paheke, ngā takahanga whakapā

Ka whakawhirinaki ngā karetao ki te AI hei whakautu i ngā pātai pēnei i:

• "He aha ngā mea kei mua i ahau?"

• "He tangata tērā, he tauira rānei?"

• "Kei hea te kakau?"

• "Kei te neke mai tetahi mea ki ahau?"

He kōrero iti engari he mea nui: ko te mea pai, me whakaputa e ngā pūnaha tirohanga te koretake (he tohu whakawhirinaki rānei), kaua ko te whakautu āe/kāo anake - nā te mea ko te whakamahere me ngā whakataunga haumaru o muri mai e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tino mohio o te karetao.

Te Whakatakotoranga me te Mahere: Te Mōhio ki te Wāhi Kei Reira Koe me te Kore e Mataku

Me mōhio te karetao ki tōna tūranga kia tika ai tana mahi. He maha ngā wā ka whakahaerehia tēnei mā te SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping): te hanga mapi me te whakatau tata i te tūnga o te karetao i te wā kotahi. I roto i ngā whakatakotoranga tawhito, ka whakaarohia te SLAM hei raruraru whakatau tata tūponotanga, me ngā whānau noa tae atu ki ngā huarahi e hangai ana ki te EKF me te tātari matūriki. [1]

Ko te tikanga, ka whakakotahi te karetao i:

• Te ine ine wira (te aroturuki taketake)

• Te whakataurite i te matawai LiDAR, ngā tohu tirohanga rānei

• Ngā IMU (hurihuri/whakaterenga)

• GPS (i waho, me ngā herenga)

Kāore e taea te āta tirotiro i ngā karetao i ngā wā katoa—nō reira ka mahi ngā pūnaha pai pērā i te pakeke: te aroturuki i te koretake, te kite i te rerekētanga, ā, ka hoki ki ngā whanonga haumaru ake ina heke te maia.

Te Whakamahere me te Whakatau: Te Kōwhiri i te Mea hei Mahi i Muri Mai

Kia kitea e te karetao he pikitia whai hua mō te ao, me whakatau e ia te mea hei mahi. E rua ngā paparanga o te whakamahere:

• Te whakamahere ā-rohe (ngā urupare tere) ⚡
  Āta karohia ngā arai, āta haere i te taha o te tangata, whāia ngā ara/ngā arawhata.

• Te whakamahere ā-ao (pikitia whānui) 🧭
  Kōwhiria ngā wāhi e haerea ana, te huarahi huri noa i ngā wāhi kua āraia, te whakarite i ngā mahi.

I roto i te mahi, koinei te wāhi e hurihia ai e te karetao te "Ki taku whakaaro kei te kite ahau i tētahi ara mārama" hei whakahau nekehanga tūturu e kore e kutikuti i te kokonga o te whata - e kore hoki e rere ki te wāhi whaiaro o te tangata.

Mana Whakahaere: Te Huri i ngā Mahere hei Nekehanga Maeneene

Ka hurihia e ngā pūnaha whakahaere ngā mahi kua whakaritea hei nekehanga tūturu, me te aro atu ki ngā raruraru o te ao tūturu pēnei i:

• Te waku

• Ngā huringa kawenga

• Te kaha ā-papatipu

• Ngā whakaroa motuka me te urupare kino

Ko ngā taputapu noa ko te PID, te mana whakahaere tauira-e hangai ana, te mana matapae tauira, me te kinematics whakamuri mō ngā ringa - arā, te pāngarau e huri ana i te "whakanoho i te kaiponu ki reira" hei nekehanga hononga. [2]

He huarahi whai hua hei whakaaroaro:
Mā te whakamahere ka whiriwhiri i tētahi ara.
Mā te whakahaere ka aru te karetao i taua ara me te kore e wiri, e neke rawa, e wiri rānei pērā i te kaata hokohoko kei roto he kawheine.

Te Ako: Me pēhea te whakapai ake i ngā karetao, kaua e whakahoutia ake tonu atu

Ka taea e ngā karetao te whakapai ake mā te ako mai i ngā raraunga, kaua mā te whakahou ā-ringa i muri i ia huringa taiao.

Ko ngā huarahi ako matua ko:

• Ako mā te tirotiro 📚: Ako mai i ngā tauira kua tohua (hei tauira, "he papa tēnei").

• Ako whaiaro-ā-ringa 🔍: Akohia te hanganga mai i ngā raraunga mata (hei tauira, te matapae i ngā anga o muri mai).

• Te ako whakapakari 🎯: Akohia ngā mahi mā te whakanui ake i ngā tohu utu i roto i te wā (he maha ngā wā ka whakatakotoria ki ngā kaihoko, ngā taiao, me ngā hokinga mai). [3]

Te wāhi e tiaho ai a RL: te ako i ngā whanonga uaua, te wāhi e uaua ai te hoahoa ā-ringa i tētahi pūmana.
Te wāhi e werawera ai a RL: te whai huatanga o ngā raraunga, te haumaru i te wā e tūhuratia ana, me ngā āputa mai i te mahi tahi ki te mahi tūturu.

Te Taunekeneke Tangata-Ropoti: Te Hangarau Whakaata e Āwhina ana i ngā Ropoti ki te Mahi tahi me te Tangata

He mea nui te taunekeneke mō ngā karetao i ngā kāinga, i ngā wāhi mahi rānei. Mā te AI ka taea:

• Te mōhio ki te kōrero (oro → kupu)

• Te kimi whāinga (kupu → tikanga)

• Te mārama ki ngā nekehanga (te tohu, te reo tinana)

He māmā noa iho tēnei tae noa ki te whakapuakina: he rerekē ngā tāngata, he rerekē ngā reo, he haruru ngā rūma, ā, ehara te kupu "i reira" i te anga taunga.

Te Whakawhirinaki, te Haumaru, me te "Kaua e Whakamataku": Te Wāhanga Kāore i te Ngahau engari he Mea Hira

He pūnaha AI ngā karetao me ngā pānga ā-tinana, nō reira kaua e whakaarohia he mea muri iho te whakawhirinaki me ngā mahi haumaru.

Ko ngā hanganga haumaru mahi he maha ngā wā ka uru atu ki:

• Te aroturuki i te whakapono/te āwangawanga

• Ngā whanonga matatika ina heke te tirohanga

• Ngā mahi takiuru mō te patuiro me ngā arotake

• Ngā rohe mārama mō ngā mahi ka taea e te karetao

He huarahi whai hua taumata-tiketike hei whakatakoto i tēnei ko te whakahaere mōrearea: te whakahaere, te mahere mōrearea, te ine i aua mōrearea, me te whakahaere i aua mōrearea puta noa i te huringa ora - e hangai ana ki te hanganga whānui a te NIST i te whakahaere mōrearea AI. [4]

Te Auahatanga o te "Tauira Nui": Ngā Rōpoti e Whakamahi ana i ngā Tauira Tūāpapa

Kei te akiaki ngā tauira taketake ki te whanonga karetao whānui ake - ina koa ka whakatauirahia ngātahitia te reo, te tirohanga, me te mahi.

Ko tētahi tauira huarahi ko tirohanga-reo-mahi (VLA) , e whakangungua ana tētahi pūnaha ki te hono i ngā mea e kitea ana e ia + ngā mea e whakahaua ana kia mahia e ia + ngā mahi me mahi e ia. Ko te RT-2 tētahi tauira rongonui o tēnei momo huarahi. [5]

Ko te wāhanga whakahihiri: he ngāwari ake, he taumata teitei ake te māramatanga.
Ko te tirotiro i te mooni: me whakamahi tonu i ngā ārai ārai te pono o te ao tūturu - kāore e ngaro te aromatawai matarohia, ngā here haumaru, me te mana whakahaere ātaahua nā te mea ka taea e te karetao te "kōrero atamai".

Ngā Kōrero Whakamutunga

Nā, me pēhea te whakamahi a ngā karetao i te AI? Ka whakamahia e ngā karetao te AI hei kite, hei whakatau tata i te āhua (kei hea ahau?), hei whakamahere, hei whakahaere- ā, i ētahi wā ka ako mai i ngā raraunga hei whakapai ake. Mā te AI ka taea e ngā karetao te whakahaere i te uauatanga o ngā taiao hihiri, engari ko te angitu kei runga i ngā pūnaha pono, ine me te whanonga haumaru-tuatahi.

Tauira o te ao tūturu: Te hanga i tētahi kaiawhina AI mō tētahi karetao whare putunga

Horopaki

Whakaarohia he whare putunga iti e whakamahi ana i tētahi karetao pūkoro motuhake hei neke i ngā putea hiri mai i ngā paepae tākai ki te wāhi tuku. Kāore e hiahiatia ana e te karetao te "mārama ki ngā mea katoa". Me mahi pono ia i tētahi mahi: te kohikohi i tētahi putea, te whakatere i tētahi ara tiritahi, te karo i ngā tāngata me ngā taraka papa, me te tū haumaru ina heke te maia.

Ka whakakotahi te puranga AI i te tirohanga rorohiko, te LiDAR, te SLAM, te whakamahere ara, te karo i ngā arai, me ngā tohutohu reo taketake mai i ngā kaimahi. Tērā pea ka mea te kaiwhakahaere, "Tangohia tēnei putea ki te tuku i te kokoru 3," engari me whai ture haumaru pakari tonu te karetao i raro i te paparanga reo.

He tauira kaha tēnei nā te mea e whakaatu ana i te mahi a te karetao AI hei puranga mahi tūturu, kaua hei tauira nunui kotahi e whakapae ana.

Ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e te kaiawhina

Me whai i te whakaritenga:

• He mahere o te whare putunga, tae atu ki ngā paepae tākai, ngā wāhi tuku taonga, ngā rohe kore haere, ngā wāhi utu, me ngā ara whaiti

• Ngā raraunga kāmera, kāmera hōhonu rānei hei mōhio ki ngā putea, ngā tāngata, ngā tohu papa, me ngā ara kua āraia

• LiDAR, tētahi atu pūoko tawhiti rānei hei kimi arai

• Ngā waehere wira me ngā raraunga IMU mō te tauwāhi

• Ngā ture mō ngā herenga tere, te tawhiti tū, me te whanonga haumaru mō te tangata

• He rārangi mahi mai i te pūnaha whare putunga, pērā i te tohu putea, te wāhi kohikohi, me te ūnga

• Ngā rangitaki e tuhi ana i te huarahi, ngā kaute whakawhirinaki, ngā tūnga, ngā tata ngaro, me ngā wawaotanga a te tangata

Ko te mea nui, kaua rawa te whakaakoranga reo e waiho hei paparanga whakahaere anake. Ahakoa ka whakaaetia e te karetao ngā whakahau e pai ana ki te tangata, me whakahaere tonu te nekehanga e ngā here mahere, whakamahere, whakahaere, me te haumaru.

Tauira tohutohu

Tērā pea ka pēnei te āhua o tētahi tohutohu whakahaere māmā mō te kaiawhina karetao:

Ko koe te kaiawhina mahi mō tētahi karetao pūkoro whare putunga. Ko tāu mahi he huri i ngā tono a ngā kaimahi hei mahi nekehanga haumaru. Waihangahia he mahi ina mārama te wāhi kohi, te ūnga, me te tohu putea. Mena kei te ngaro tetahi taipitopito, pātaihia he pātai whakamārama poto. Kaua rawa e tito i ngā wāhi. Mena kua āraia te huarahi, whiriwhiria he huarahi kē atu kua whakaaetia mena kei reira. Mena ka heke te whakapono ki te tirohanga ki raro i te paepae haumaru, whakaroa, mutu, tono āwhina tangata rānei. Tuhia ia kohi rahua, ia huarahi kua āraia, ia tūnga ohorere, me te whakakore ā-ringa.

Tērā pea ko te tono a ngā kaimahi:

Nekehia te putea T-1842 mai i te pae tākai 6 ki te pae tuku 3.

He whakautu pai tēnei:

Kua whakaaetia te mahi: kohia te putea T-1842 mai i te paepae tākai 6 ka tukuna ki te wāhi tuku taonga 3. Kua tīpakohia te huarahi mā te ara B. Kua whakawhāitihia te tere tata ki te whitinga o te hunga hikoi. Mena kua āraia te ara B, whakamahia te huarahi whakakapi kua whakaaetia C.

Ko te urupare kino ko:

Āe, ka haria e au ki te tuku.

He pōuri rawa te putanga kino. Kāore e whakaū i te tuakiri o te putea, te wāhi kohikohi, te ūnga, te huarahi, te whanonga haumaru rānei.

Me pēhea te whakamātautau

I mua i te tuku i te karetao kia mahi i roto i te ara ora, whakamātauria mā te whakamahi i tētahi rārangi arowhai iti:

• Me tono atu kia nukuhia he putea me ngā taipitopito katoa

• Me tono atu kia nekehia he putea me te kore e whakaatu i te wāhi tuku

• Whakatakotoria he arai āhua tangata ki te huarahi

• Nekehia he tohu whata, tirohia mēnā ka heke te maia o te rohe

• Waihangahia he kanapa ki runga i te papa, tirohia mēnā ka rerekē te whakapono ki te tirohanga

• Āraia te ara pai, tirohia mēnā kua whiriwhiria he ara tautoko kua whakaaetia

• Pātai atu mō tētahi wāhi kāore i te tīariari, ā, tirohia mēnā kāore e whakaaetia, kaua e whakapae noa iho

• Arotakehia te rangitaki i muri i ia oma hei whakaū kua tuhia ngā aukati, ngā huarahi anō, me ngā whakawhiti

Ehara i te mea ko te "i tae mai te karetao?" te whāinga anake, engari ko te pātai pai ake: "I noho haumaru, i rite hoki ki te mea i matapaetia i te wā i pōuri ai te taiao?"

Hua

Hua tauira: i runga i te wā 20 tauira o ngā mahi neke putea i roto i tētahi wāhi whakamātautau whare putunga iti.

I mua i te whakamahinga o te tukanga mahi a te karetao, e 4 meneti me te 30 hēkona te roa o te nekenga o te kete tangata, tae atu ki te hoki ki te paepae tākai. Whai muri i te whakaurunga o te karetao hei whakawhiti i ngā kete mai i tētahi pito ki tētahi pito, ka heke te wā whakahaere a te tangata ki te 50 hēkona mō ia mahi, ko te nuinga mō te uta i te kete me te whakaū i te mahi.

Mā tēnā ka penapenahia te 3 meneti me te 40 hēkona mō ia nekehanga tote. Mō ngā nekehanga tote e 80 ia rā, ko te penapena wā e matapaetia ana he tata ki te 293 meneti, arā, he iti iho i te 4.9 hāora kaimahi ia rā.

Me whai takitahi ngā arowhai haumaru i roto i te whakamātautau kotahi. Hei tauira:

• 20 o roto i te 20 ngā mahi i tae ki te ūnga tika

• E toru ngā takahanga ara-aukati i whakahaeretia me te whakaaetanga o te whakarerekētanga ara

• E rua ngā takahanga iti te whakapono i puta ai he aukati haumaru

• 0 ngā wāhi kāore i whakaaetia i whakaaetia

• 0 ngā ID putea ngaro i matapaetia

He whakamārama noa iho ēnei tau, ehara i te kereme mō tētahi hua karetao motuhake. Ka taea e tētahi tīma te manatoko i te hua mā te whakarite i te wā o ngā mahi i mua atu, i muri mai hoki i te whakatinanatanga, te tatau i ngā whakarerekētanga ā-ringa, te arotake i ngā rangitaki huarahi, me te tirotiro i ngā tukunga i rahua.

He aha te mea ka hē

Ko te hapa tino kitea ko te tuku i te mana nui ki te karetao. Tērā pea ka mārama te tauira reo ki ngā tohutohu, engari ehara i te mea me whakawhirinaki ki a ia ki te tito huarahi, ki te kore e aro ki ngā kaute whakawhirinaki, ki te whakatau rānei he aha te mea "tērā pea he haumaru".

Ko ētahi atu raruraru tūturu ko:

• Ngā mahere tawhito i muri i te nekehia o ngā whata, o ngā paepae rānei

• He iti te mārama, he iti rānei ngā papa whakaata e whakararuraru ana i ngā tauira tirohanga

• Ngā kaimahi e whakamahi ana i ngā ingoa wāhi kāore i te mōhiotia e te karetao

• Ngā ID tote e ngaro ana, ā, ka hē te whiriwhiri a te pūnaha i te tūemi

• He ngoikore te mahi raka, he uaua ki te tirotiro i ngā tata ngaro

• Te whakanui rawa i te mahi me te kore e ine i ngā oma i rahua me ngā wawaotanga a te tangata

He māmā noa iho te ture tika: ki te kore te karetao e tino mōhio, me whakamahi kia tūpato ake, kaua e auaha ake.

He kai tango-ā-ringa whai hua

Ko te whakatakotoranga kaha o te karetao AI he mea hanga i runga i tētahi mahi whaiti, he mārama ngā whakaurunga, he whanonga haumaru ka taea te ine, me ngā āwhina pono. Ehara i te mea ko te "mātauranga" anake te mōhio ki ngā mea, te whai rānei i ngā tohutohu. Engari ko te mōhio ki te wā e neke ai, te wā e whakaroa ai, te wā e mutu ai, me te wā e tono āwhina ai.

Ngā Pātai Auau

Me pēhea te whakamahi a ngā karetao i te AI hei mahi motuhake?

Ka whakamahia e ngā karetao te AI hei whakahaere i tētahi porowhita mana motuhake tonu: te rongo i te ao, te whakamārama i ngā mea e tupu ana, te whakamahere i tētahi taahiraa haumaru e whai ake nei, te mahi mā roto i ngā motuka, me te ako mai i ngā raraunga. I roto i te mahi, he puranga wāhanga tēnei e mahi tahi ana, kaua ki te tauira "makutu" kotahi. Ko te whāinga he whanonga pono i roto i ngā taiao hurihuri, ehara i te whakaaturanga kotahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga tino pai.

He tauira kotahi noa iho rānei te karetao AI, he puranga mana motuhake katoa rānei?

I te nuinga o ngā pūnaha, he pūnaha katoa te karetao AI: te tirohanga, te whakatau i te āhua, te whakamahere, me te whakahaere. Ka āwhina te ako mīhini ki ngā mahi pēnei i te tirohanga me te matapae, ko ngā herenga ahupūngao me te whakahaere matarohia ka pupuri i te nekehanga kia pumau, kia matapaetia hoki. He maha ngā whakatinanatanga tūturu e whakamahi ana i te huarahi ranu nā te mea he mea nui ake te pono i te mohio. Koia te take he onge te ora o te ako "vibes-only" i waho o ngā tautuhinga whakahaere.

He aha ngā pūoko me ngā tauira tirohanga e whakawhirinaki ana ngā karetao AI?

He maha ngā wā ka whakakotahihia e ngā karetao AI ngā kāmera, LiDAR, ngā pūoko hohonu, ngā hopuoro, ngā IMU, ngā kaiwhakamāori, me ngā pūoko kaha/taipana, ngā pūoko pā rānei. Ka hurihia ēnei awa e ngā tauira tirohanga hei tohu whai hua pēnei i te tuakiri o te mea, te tū, te wāhi wātea, me ngā tohu nekehanga. Ko te mahi pai rawa atu ko te whakaputa i te maia, te koretake rānei, kaua ko ngā tapanga anake. Ka taea e taua koretake te ārahi i te whakamahere haumaru ake ina heke te kaha o ngā pūoko i te kanapa, te pōuri, te raruraru rānei.

He aha te SLAM i roto i te hangarau karetao, ā, he aha tōna hiranga?

Mā te SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) ka āwhina i te karetao ki te hanga mapi me te whakatau tata i tōna ake tūranga i te wā kotahi. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā karetao e neke haere ana, e hiahia ana ki te whakatere me te kore e "mataku" ina huri ngā āhuatanga. Ko ngā whakaurunga noa ko te odometry wira, ngā IMU, me te LiDAR, ngā tohu tirohanga rānei, i ētahi wā ko te GPS i waho. Ka whai ngā puranga pai i te nekeneke me te koretake kia taea ai e te karetao te whanonga ātaahua ake ina wiri te rohe.

He aha ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i te whakamahere karetao me te whakahaere karetao?

Mā te whakamahere ka whakatau i tā te karetao e mahi i muri mai, pērā i te whiriwhiri i tētahi ūnga, te ara i ngā arai, te karo rānei i ngā tāngata. Ka hurihia e te whakahaere taua mahere hei nekehanga maeneene, pumau ahakoa te waku, te huringa o te kawenga, me te whakaroa o te motuka. He maha ngā wā ka wehea te whakamahere ki te whakamahere ā-ao (ngā huarahi whānui) me te whakamahere ā-rohe (ngā urupare tere tata ki ngā arai). He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e te whakahaere ngā taputapu pēnei i te PID, te whakahaere tauira-e hangai ana, te whakahaere matapae tauira rānei hei whai pono i te mahere.

Me pēhea te whakahaere haumaru a ngā karetao i te koretake, i te iti rānei o te whakapono ki a rātou anō?

Ko ngā karetao kua hoahoatia pai ka whakaaro ki te koretake hei whakauru ki ngā whanonga, ehara i te mea hei whakakorekore. Ina heke te maia ki te tirohanga, ki te rohe rānei, ko te huarahi noa ko te whakaroa, te whakanui ake i ngā tawhiti haumaru, te tū haumaru, te tono āwhina tangata rānei, kaua ki te whakaaro noa. Ka tuhia hoki e ngā pūnaha ngā mahi me ngā horopaki kia taea ai te arotake i ngā aituā, kia māmā ake ai te whakatika. Ko tēnei whakaaro "koretake te hinganga" te rerekētanga matua i waenga i ngā whakaaturanga me ngā karetao ka taea te whakatinana.

Āhea te wā e whai hua ai te ako whakapakari mō ngā karetao, ā, he aha te mea e uaua ai?

He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te ako whakapakari mō ngā pūkenga uaua pēnei i te whakahaere, te nekeneke rānei, ina he uaua te hoahoa ā-ringa i tētahi kaiwhakahaere. Ka taea te kimi i ngā whanonga whai hua mā te whakamātautau me te hapa e ārahihia ana e te utu, i roto i te whakatauira. Ka uaua te whakatinanatanga nā te mea he kore haumaru te tūhuratanga, he utu nui ngā raraunga, ā, ka taea e ngā āputa rite-ki-tūturu te pakaru i ngā kaupapa here. He maha ngā paipa e whakamahi ana i te RL me te whiriwhiri, me ngā here me te whakahaere matarohia mō te haumaru me te pumau.

Kei te whakarerekētia rānei te whakamahinga a ngā karetao i te AI e ngā tauira turanga?

Kei te akiakihia ngā karetao e ngā huarahi tauira-tūāpapa ki ngā whanonga whānui, whai-tohutohu, inā koa ki ngā tauira tirohanga-reo-mahi (VLA) pērā i ngā pūnaha momo RT-2. Ko te painga ko te ngāwari: te hono i ngā mea e kitea ana e te karetao ki ngā mea e whakahaua ana kia mahia e ia me pēhea tana mahi. Ko te mea pono ko te aromatawai matarohia, ngā here haumaru, me te mana whakahaere ātaahua he mea nui tonu mō te pono ā-tinana. He maha ngā tīma e whakaahua ana i tēnei hei whakahaere mōrearea huringa ora, he rite te wairua ki ngā anga pērā i te AI RMF a NIST.

Ngā Tohutoro

[1] Durrant-Whyte & Bailey - Te Tauwāhi me te Mahere Wā Kotahi (SLAM): Wāhanga I Ngā Aratohu Matua (PDF)
[2] Lynch & Park - Ngā Robotics Hou: Ngā Tikanga, Te Whakamahere, me te Whakahaere (PDF Tānga-mua)
[3] Sutton & Barto - Te Ako Whakakaha: He Kupu Whakataki (PDF tauira putanga tuarua)
[4] NIST - Te Anga Whakahaere Mōrearea Matauranga Horihori (AI RMF 1.0) (PDF)
[5] Brohan et al. - RT-2: Ngā Tauira Tirohanga-Reo-Mahi e Whakawhiti ana i te Mātauranga Tukutuku ki te Whakahaere Robotic (arXiv)

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