Kua noho noa koe i reira me te mirimiri i tō mahunga, me te mea… nō hea mai ēnei mea ? Arā, kāore te AI e rapu ana i ngā puranga whare pukapuka puehu, e matakitaki puku ana rānei i ngā kiriata poto YouTube. Heoi, i tētahi ara ka puta mai ngā whakautu ki ngā mea katoa - mai i ngā mahi tinihanga lasagna ki te ahupūngao o ngā pōro pango - me te mea he kāpata kōnae koretake kei roto. He rerekē ake te mooni, ā, he mea whakamīharo ake pea i tō whakaaro. Me wetewete tātou (āe, me hura pea ētahi pakiwaitara i te huarahi).
He mahi makutu? 🌐
Ehara i te makutu, ahakoa he rite tonu te āhua i ētahi wā. Ko te mea e tupu ana i raro i te taupoki he matapae tauira . Kāore ngā tauira reo nui (LLM) e penapena i ngā meka pērā i te pupuri a tō roro i te tunu pihikete a tō kuia; engari, kua whakangungua rātou ki te matapae i te kupu e whai ake nei (tohu) i runga i ngā mea i mua atu [2]. I roto i te mahi, ko te tikanga ka piri rātou ki ngā whanaungatanga: ko ēhea kupu e iri tahi ana, me pēhea te hanga o ngā rerenga kōrero, me pēhea te hanga o ngā whakaaro katoa pērā i te tūāpapa. Koia te take e ai , ahakoa - he pono katoa - he whakatauira tatauranga, ehara i te mārama [4].
whai hua ai ngā mōhiohio i hangaia e te AI ? E whai ake nei:
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Kanorau raraunga - te tango mai i ngā puna maha, kaua i te awa kotahi.
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Ngā Whakahōutanga - ki te kore he huringa whakahou, ka tere te tawhito.
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Te tātari - ko te mea pai ko te hopu i ngā para i mua i te mimiti (engari, kia pono tātou, he kōhao tō taua kupenga).
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Te tirotiro-whakawhiti - te whakawhirinaki ki ngā puna mana (whakaarohia te NASA, te WHO, ngā whare wānanga nui), he mea nui tēnei i roto i te nuinga o ngā pukapuka ārahi whakahaere AI [3].
Ahakoa rā, i ētahi wā ka tito noa iho - me te māia. Ko aua mea e kiia nei he moemoeā ? He kōrero wairangi kua oti te whakakoi me te kanohi tika [2][3].
Ngā tuhinga ka pai pea koe ki te pānui i muri i tēnei:
🔗 Ka taea e te AI te matapae i ngā tau rota
Te tūhura i ngā pūrākau me ngā meka mō ngā matapae mō te rota AI.
🔗 He aha te tikanga o te whai i tētahi huarahi whānui ki te AI
Te mārama ki te AI me ngā tirohanga taurite mō ngā tikanga matatika me te pānga.
🔗 He aha tā te Paipera e kī ana mō te mātauranga horihori
Te tirotiro i ngā tirohanga a te Paipera mō te hangarau me te hanganga o te tangata.
Whakatauritenga Tere: Te Putanga Mai o te AI 📊
Kāore i te ōrite ngā pūtake katoa, engari he mahi tā ia pūtake. Anei tētahi tirohanga poto.
| Momo Pūtake | Ko wai e whakamahi ana (AI) | Utu/Uara | He aha i mahi ai (kāore rānei e mahi...) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ngā Pukapuka me ngā Tuhinga | Ngā tauira reo nui | Kore utu nui (āe) | He mātauranga matatau, he mātauranga hanganga - ka tere noa te koroheketanga. |
| Paetukutuku me ngā Blog | Tata ki ngā AI katoa | Kore utu (me te haruru) | He momo mohoao; he ranunga o te kanapa me te para noa iho. |
| Ngā Pepa Mātauranga | Ngā AI rangahau-nui | I ētahi wā kua utua te ārai | Pūmau + pono, engari he nui ngā kupu whakapati kei roto. |
| Raraunga Kaiwhakamahi | Ngā AI Whaiaro | Tino tairongo ⚠️ | He tuitui koi, engari he nui ngā raruraru mō te tūmataitinga. |
| Tukutuku Wā-Tūturu | Ngā AI e hono ana ki te rapu | Kore utu (mēnā kei te ipurangi) | Ka pupuri i te hou o ngā kōrero; ko te ngoikoretanga ko te mōrearea o te whakawhānui i ngā kōrero pakiwaitara. |
Te Ao Raraunga Whakangungu 🌌
Koinei te wāhanga "ako tamarikitanga". Whakaarohia te hoatu ki tētahi tamaiti miriona pukapuka pakiwaitara, ngā purongo poto, me ngā pukapuka Wikipedia katoa i te wā kotahi. Koinei te āhua o te whakangungu tuatahi. I te ao tūturu, ka kohikohia e ngā kaiwhakarato ngā raraunga e wātea ana ki te marea, ngā puna raihana, me ngā tuhinga i hangaia e te kaiwhakangungu [2].
He paparanga kei runga: he tauira tangata kua whiriwhiria - he whakautu pai, he whakautu kino, he akiaki i te huarahi tika - i mua i te tīmatanga o te whakapakari [1].
He whakatūpato mō te māramatanga: kāore ngā kamupene e whakaatu i ngā taipitopito katoa. He mea huna ētahi ārai (IP, āwangawanga mō te haumaru), nō reira he wāhanga noa iho o te tirohanga ki te ranunga tuturu [2].
Rapu Wā-Tūturu: Te Tāpiringa Tāpiri 🍒
Ka taea e ētahi tauira te titiro atu ki waho o tā rātou mirumiru whakangungu. Ko te whakaputanga whakarea-whakahoki (RAG) tēnā - ko te tango i ngā wāhanga mai i tētahi taupū ora, i tētahi toa tuhinga rānei, kātahi ka whatua ki roto i te whakautu [5]. He tino pai mō ngā mea e tere ana te huri pēnei i ngā pane kōrero, i ngā utu hea rānei.
Ko te raruraru? He rite tonu te ipurangi ki te pūmanawa me te para. Ki te ngoikore ngā tātari, ngā tirotiro pūtake rānei, ka tūpono koe ki te hoki puku mai o ngā raraunga para - koinei tonu te mea e whakatūpatohia ana e ngā anga mōrearea [3].
He huarahi noa: ka hono ngā kamupene i ngā tauira ki ā rātou ake pātengi raraunga ā-roto, nō reira ka whakahuahia e ngā whakautu he kaupapa here HR o nāianei, he tuhinga hua hou rānei, kaua e waiho noa iho. Whakaarohia: he iti ake ngā wā "āe", he nui ake ngā whakautu pono.
Te Whakatikatika: Te Hipanga Whakakanapa a te AI 🧪
He uaua ngā tauira mata kua whakangungua. Nō reira ka whakatikatikahia :
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Te whakaako i a rātou kia āwhina, kia kore he kino, kia pono (mā te ako whakapakari mai i ngā urupare a te tangata, RLHF) [1].
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Te whakakoi i ngā taha kino, paitini rānei (te whakarārangi) [1].
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Te whakarerekē i te reo - ahakoa he hoahoa, he ōkawa, he whakatoi takaro rānei.
Ehara i te mea he whakakanapa taimana engari he whakatikatika i te horonga taimana kia rite ki te hoa kōrero.
Ngā Pakaru me ngā Rahunga 🚧
Kaua e kī he tino pai:
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Ngā whakaaro pōhewa - ngā whakautu koi engari he hē rawa [2][3].
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Te whakaaro pōhēhē - ka whakaata i ngā tauira kua whakauruhia ki roto i ngā raraunga; ka taea hoki te whakanui ake mēnā kāore i tohua [3][4].
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Kāore he wheako tuatahi - ka taea te kōrero mō ngā tohutao hupa engari kāore anō kia reka [4].
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Te tino whakapono ki te nui rawa o te whakapono - ka rere te tuhinga me te mea e mōhio ana ia, ahakoa kāore. E whakanui ana ngā anga mōrearea i ngā whakapae mōrearea [3].
He aha te āhua o te mōhio 🧠
Kāore he whakapono, kāore he mahara i roto i te tirohanga tangata, ā, kāore rawa he whaiaro. Heoi, nā te mea he maeneene te honohono i ngā rerenga kōrero, ka pānuihia e tō roro me te mea e mārama ana . Ko te mea e tupu ana he matapae nui noa iho : e pakaru ana i ngā tiriona tūponotanga i roto i ngā hēkona ruarua [2].
Ko te āhua o te "mātauranga" he whanonga e puta ake ana - e kīia ana e ngā kairangahau, he āhua whakakatakata, ko te "kākā matapōkere" [4].
He Whakatairite mō ngā Tamariki 🎨
Whakaarohia he kākā kua oti i a ia te pānui i ngā pukapuka katoa i roto i te whare pukapuka. Kāore e mārama ki ngā kōrero engari ka taea e ia te whakaranu i ngā kupu kia puta ai he whakaaro nui. I ētahi wā he tika; i ētahi wā he wairangi - engari ki te nui te pūkenga, kāore e taea te kite i te rerekētanga i ngā wā katoa.
Hei Whakamutunga: Nō hea ngā mōhiohio o te AI 📌
I roto i ngā kupu māmā:
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Ngā raraunga whakangungu nui (iwi + raihana + i hangaia e te kaiwhakangungu) [2].
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Te whakatikatika i te reo/ngā whanonga mā te whakamahi i ngā urupare a te tangata [1].
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Ngā pūnaha tiki ina honoa ki ngā awa raraunga ora [5].
Kāore te AI e "mōhio" ki ngā mea - ka matapae i ngā tuhinga . Koinā tōna mana nui me tōna rekereke o Achilles. Ko te tino take? Me tirotiro tonu ngā mea nui ki tētahi puna pono [3].
Ngā Tohutoro
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Ouyang, L. et al. (2022). Te whakangungu i ngā tauira reo hei whai i ngā tohutohu me ngā urupare tangata (InstructGPT) . arXiv .
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OpenAI (2023). Pūrongo Hangarau GPT-4 - he ranunga o ngā raraunga raihana, tūmatanui, me ngā raraunga i hangaia e te tangata; whāinga me ngā herenga o te matapae tohu-muri. arXiv .
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NIST (2023). Anga Whakahaere Mōrearea AI (AI RMF 1.0) - takenga mai, pono, me ngā mana whakahaere mōrearea. PDF .
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Bender, EM, Gebru, T., McMillan-Major, A., Mitchell, S. (2021). Mō ngā Tūponotanga o ngā Kākāriki Matapōkere: Ka Taea e ngā Tauira Reo te Nui Rawa? PDF .
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Lewis, P. et al. (2020). Te Whakaputa Whakanuia-Whakahoki mō te NLP Whakanuia-Mātauranga . arXiv .