I kite koe i a koe e panuku ana i te 2 i te ata e pātai ana he aha rawa ngā tauira AI , ā, he aha te take e kōrerohia ai e te katoa me te mea he makutu? Waihoki. Ko tēnei tuhinga taku aratohu ehara i te mea tino ōkawa, i ētahi wā he whakaaro pōhewa hei ārahi i a koe mai i te "kāore he mōhio" ki te "tino maia ki ngā pāti tina." Ka aro atu tātou ki: he aha rātou, he aha te mea e tino whai hua ai (ehara i te mea he kanapa noa iho), me pēhea te whakangungu, me pēhea te kōwhiri me te kore e hurihuri i roto i te ruarua, me ētahi mahanga ka akohia e koe i muri i te mamae.
Ngā tuhinga ka pai pea koe ki te pānui i muri i tēnei:
🔗 He aha te AI arbitrage: Ko te pono kei muri i te kupu rongonui
E whakamārama ana i te arbitrage AI, tōna rongonui, me ngā whai wāhitanga tūturu.
🔗 He aha te AI tohu: Ngā mea katoa e hiahia ana koe ki te mōhio
E kapi ana i te AI tohu, ōna tikanga, me ngā tono hou.
🔗 Ngā whakaritenga rokiroki raraunga mō te AI: Ngā mea me mōhio koe
Ka whakamārama i ngā hiahia rokiroki raraunga AI me ngā whakaaro whai hua.
Nā… he aha rawa ngā tauira AI? 🧠
I tōna āhua tino māmā noa iho: he mahi noa iho te tauira AI kua akohia . Ka hoatu e koe he tāurunga, ka puta mai he putanga. Ko te mea nui, ka kitea e ia te huarahi mā te tātari i ngā tauira maha me te whakarerekē i a ia anō kia "iti ake te hē" i ia wā. Whakahoutia tēnā, ā, ka tīmata te kite i ngā tauira kāore koe i te mōhio kei roto.
Mena kua rongo koe i ngā ingoa pēnei i te whakatauranga rārangi, ngā rākau whakatau, ngā whatunga io, ngā whakawhiti, ngā tauira horapa, tae atu ki ngā hoa tata-k - āe, he rite tonu ngā riff ki tēnei kaupapa: ka uru ngā raraunga, ka ako te tauira i tētahi mahere, ka puta te hua. He rerekē ngā kākahu, he rite tonu te whakaaturanga.
He aha te mea e wehewehe ai ngā taonga tākaro i ngā taputapu tūturu ✅
He maha ngā tauira e ātaahua ana i roto i te whakaaturanga engari ka hinga i te wā e hangaia ana. Ko ngā mea e mau tonu ana he rārangi poto o ngā āhuatanga pakeke:
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Whakawhānui - ka whakahaere i ngā raraunga kāore anō kia kitea me te kore e pakaru.
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Pono - kāore e rite ki te whiu moni ina rerekē ngā whakaurunga.
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Haumaru me te Noho Tūmatanui - he uaua ake te tākaro, te whakamahi hē rānei.
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Te whakamārama - kāore i te tino mārama i ngā wā katoa, engari he mea ka taea te whakatika i ngā hapa.
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Te tūmataitinga me te tika - e whakaute ana i ngā rohe raraunga, ā, kāore e whai whakaaro pākiki.
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Whai huatanga - he utu tika hei whakahaere i tētahi mahi tauine nui.
Koinei te rārangi horoi e paingia ana e ngā kaiwhakahaere me ngā anga mōrearea - te mana, te haumaru, te kawenga, te māramatanga, te tika, me ngā mea pai katoa. Engari he pono, ehara ēnei i te mea pai ki te whai; ki te whakawhirinaki te tangata ki tō pūnaha, he tūpono noa iho.
Arotake tere i te hinengaro: tauira vs rauropi vs raraunga 🤷
Anei te wehenga e toru ngā wāhanga:
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Tauira - te "mea" kua akohia e whakawhiti ana i ngā tāurunga hei putanga.
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Aratohu - te tunu e whakangungu ana, e whakahaere ana rānei i te tauira (whakaarohia te hekenga rōnaki, te rapu hihi).
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Raraunga - ko ngā tauira mata e ako ana i te tauira me pēhea te whanonga.
He kupu whakarite āhua pōrearea: ko ngā raraunga ko ō kai, ko te raupaparorohiko te tunu kai, ā, ko te tauira te keke. I ētahi wā he reka, i ētahi wā ka totohu ki waenganui nā te mea i titiro wawe rawa koe.
Ngā whānau o ngā tauira AI ka tūtaki koe 🧩
He mutunga kore ngā kāwai, engari anei te rārangi mahi:
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Ngā tauira rārangi me ngā tauira whakahaere - he māmā, he tere, he ngāwari ki te whakamārama. He tauira tūāpapa kāore e taea te patu mō ngā raraunga ripanga.
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Ngā rākau me ngā huinga - he wehewehenga ngā rākau whakatau mēnā-kātahi; mēnā ka whakakotahihia he ngahere, ka whakanuia rānei, ā, ka tino kaha.
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Ngā kupenga io honohono (CNN) - te pou tuarā o te mōhio ki te ahua/ataata. Ngā tātari → ngā taha → ngā āhua → ngā mea.
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Ngā tauira raupapatanga: Ngā RNN me ngā transformer - mō te tuhinga, te kōrero, ngā pūmua, te waehere. Ko te aro nui o ngā Transformer ki a rātou anō te mea i tino whakarerekē i te kēmu [3].
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Ngā tauira horapa - whakaputa, hurihia te haruru matapōkere ki ngā whakaahua ōrite i ia taahiraa [4].
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Ngā kupenga io kauwhata (GNN) - i hangaia mō ngā whatunga me ngā whanaungatanga: ngā ngota ngota, ngā kauwhata pāpori, ngā mowhiti tinihanga.
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Te ako whakapakari (RL) - ngā māngai whakamātautau me ngā hapa e arotau ana i te utu. Whakaarohia te karetao, ngā kēmu, ngā whakataunga raupapa.
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Ngā mea pono o mua: kNN, Naive Bayes - he aratohu tere, inā koa mō ngā tuhinga, ina hiahia whakautu koe inanahi .
Tuhipoka taha: mō ngā raraunga ripanga, kaua e whakauaua rawa. He maha ngā wā ka takahia e ngā raraunga whakarōpū, ngā rākau whakanui rānei ngā kupenga hōhonu. He rawe ngā taputapu whakawhiti raraunga, engari kāore i te katoa.
He aha te āhua o te whakangungu i raro i te taupoki 🔧
Ko te nuinga o ngā tauira hou ka ako mā te whakaiti i tētahi mahi ngaronga mā roto i tētahi momo hekenga whakarara . Ka panaia ngā whakatikatika e te whakamuri whakamuri kia mōhio ai ia tawhā me pēhea te neke. Tāpirihia ngā mahi tinihanga pēnei i te aukati wawe, te whakatikatika, ngā arotau mohio rānei kia kore ai e rere ki te pōrearea.
Ngā mea hei tirotiro i te pono e tika ana kia whakapirihia ki runga ake i tō tēpu:
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Kounga raraunga > kōwhiringa tauira. Tino pono.
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Me whakamahi tonu i tētahi mea māmā hei tūāpapa. Mēnā ka ngoikore te tauira raina, ka ngoikore anō hoki tō pūnaha raraunga.
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Mātakihia te whakamana. Ki te heke te ngaronga o te whakangungu engari ka piki te ngaronga o te whakamana - kia ora, he overfit.
Te aromatawai i ngā tauira: kei te tika te mea nui 📏
He pai te ahua o te tika, engari he tau kotahi kino rawa. Kei runga i tāu mahi:
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Te tika - ina kī koe he pai, e hia ngā wā ka tika koe?
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Kia maumahara - o ngā mea tino pai katoa, e hia i kitea e koe?
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F1 - ka whakataurite i te tika me te maumahara.
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Ngā kōpiko PR - inā koa i runga i ngā raraunga kāore i te taurite, he pono ake i te ROC [5].
Tāpiri: tirohia te whakatikatika (he tikanga tō ngā tūponotanga?) me te nekeneke (kei te neke haere ō raraunga whakauru i raro i ō waewae?). Ahakoa he tauira "pai" ka tawhito.
Te whakahaere, te mōrearea, ngā ture o te rori 🧭
Kia pā tō tauira ki te tangata, he mea nui te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. E rua ngā punga nui:
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Te RMF AI a NIST - he mea tūao engari he mea whai hua, me ngā mahi o te huringa ora (te whakahaere, te mahere, te ine, te whakahaere) me ngā peere pono [1].
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Ture AI a te EU - he ture e hangai ana ki te mōrearea, kua waiho hei ture mai i te marama o Hūrae 2024, e whakatakoto ana i ngā herenga pakari mō ngā pūnaha mōrearea nui, tae atu ki ētahi tauira whānui [2].
Ko te kaupapa matua: tuhia ngā mea i hangaia e koe, te āhua o tō whakamātautau, me ngā mōrearea i tirohia e koe. Ka penapena i ō waeatanga ohorere i waenganui pō.
Te whiriwhiri i tētahi tauira me te kore e ngaro tō hinengaro 🧭➡️
He tukanga ka taea te whakahoki:
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Tautuhia te whakatau - he aha te hapa pai me te hapa kino?
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Ngā raraunga arotake - te rahi, te taurite, te ma.
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Whakatakotoria ngā here - te whakamārama, te whakaroa, te tahua.
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Whakahaerehia ngā tūāpapa - tīmata ki te rārangi/whakahaere, ki te rākau iti rānei.
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Whakahoutia kia mohio - tāpirihia ngā āhuatanga, whakarerekētia, kātahi ka whakawhiti whānau mēnā ka pai ake te haere.
He hoha, engari he pai te hoha ki konei.
Whakaahua whakataurite 📋
| Momo tauira | hunga whakarongo | Te utu pea | He aha i mahi ai |
|---|---|---|---|
| Raina me te Whakahaere | ngā kaitātari, ngā kaipūtaiao | iti-waenga | he mea whakamārama, he tere, he mea kaha ki te ripanga |
| Ngā Rākau Whakatau | ngā tīma whakauru | iti | ngā wehewehenga ka taea te pānui e te tangata, te whakahaere kore-raina |
| Ngāhere Matapōkere | ngā tīma hua | waenga | ka whakaitihia e ngā huinga te rerekētanga, ngā whakawhanui kaha |
| Ngā Rākau Whakarei-Rōrahi | ngā kaipūtaiao raraunga | waenga | SOTA i runga i te ripanga, he kaha me ngā āhuatanga pōrearea |
| Ngā CNN | ngā tāngata tirohanga | waenga-teitei | pōkaikaha → ngā whakarōpūtanga ā-wāhi |
| Ngā Whakawhiti | NLP + maha-ara | teitei | he ātaahua te tauine o te aro ki a koe anō [3] |
| Ngā Tauira Horapa | ngā rōpū auaha | teitei | Mā te whakakore haruru ka puta te makutu whakaputa uri [4] |
| Ngā GNN | ngā tohunga whakairoiro | waenga-teitei | ka whakamārama te tuku karere i ngā whanaungatanga |
| kNN / Naive Bayes | ngā kaipahua e tere ana | tino iti | ngā tūāpapa māmā, te whakatinanatanga tere |
| Te Ako Whakakaha | he nui ngā rangahau | waenga-teitei | ka arotau i ngā mahi raupapa, engari he uaua ake te whakarata |
Ngā "tino mahi" i roto i te mahi 🧪
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Ngā Whakaahua → He tino pai ngā CNN mā te whakakotahi i ngā tauira ā-rohe ki ngā tauira nunui ake.
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Reo → Mā ngā Transformers, me te aro ki a rātou anō, ka taea te whakahaere i ngā horopaki roa [3].
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Ngā Kauwhata → Ka tiaho ngā GNN ina he mea nui ngā hononga.
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Pāpāho whakaputa → Ngā tauira horapa, te whakakore haruru i ia taahiraa [4].
Raraunga: te MVP marino 🧰
Kāore e taea e ngā tauira te tiaki i ngā raraunga kino. Ngā Kaupapa Taketake:
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Wehewehea tika ngā huinga raraunga (kaua e turuturu, me whai wā).
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Whakahaerehia te kore taurite (te tauira anō, ngā taumaha, ngā paepae).
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Ka āta tirohia ngā āhuatanga o te kaihanga - ka whai hua anō hoki ngā tauira hōhonu.
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Whakamanahia te hinengaro kia tika.
Te ine i te angitu me te kore e tinihanga i a koe anō 🎯
Tātaitia ngā inenga ki ngā utu tūturu. Hei tauira: te whakarōpūtanga tīkiti tautoko.
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Ka piki ake te maha o ngā hopunga mō ngā tikiti ohorere nā te karangatanga o ngā pirihimana.
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Mā te tika ka kore ngā kaihoko e toremi i roto i te haruru.
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Ka taurite a F1 i ngā mea e rua.
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Aroturukihia te nekenekehanga me te whakatikatika kia kore ai te pūnaha e pirau puku.
Mōrearea, tika, tuhinga - mahia wawe 📝
Kaua e whakaarohia ngā tuhinga hei mahi ture engari hei inihua. Ngā tirotiro whakaaro, ngā whakamātautau pakari, ngā puna raraunga - tuhia. Ko ngā anga pēnei i te AI RMF [1] me ngā ture pēnei i te EU AI Act [2] kei te noho hei tūāpapa mō te katoa.
He mahere tīmatanga tere 🚀
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Whakatauhia te whakatau me te ine.
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Kohikohia he huinga raraunga ma.
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Rārangi turanga me te rārangi/rākau.
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Peke atu ki te whānau tika mō te tikanga.
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Aromatawai mā te whakamahi i ngā inenga e tika ana.
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Tuhia ngā mōrearea i mua i te tuku.
Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Huringa Uira ⚡
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Āe, he aha te tauira AI?
He mahi kua whakangungua ki ngā raraunga hei mahere i ngā tāurunga ki ngā putanga. Ko te makutu ko te whakawhanui, ehara i te maumahara. -
Ka toa tonu ngā tauira nunui?
Kāore i te mea ko ngā rākau ripanga te mea nui. Mō ngā tuhinga/whakaahua, āe, he maha ngā wā ka āwhina te rahi [3][4]. -
Te mārama me te tika? He
taupatupatu i ētahi wā. Whakamahia ngā rautaki ranu. -
He whakatikatika, he whakatere rānei i te hangarau?
Kei te tahua me te whānuitanga o te mahi te tikanga. He wāhi tō rāua e rua.
TL;DR 🌯
Ko ngā tauira AI = ngā mahi e ako ana i ngā raraunga. Ko te mea e whai hua ai ehara i te mea ko te tika anake engari ko te whakawhirinaki, te whakahaere mōrearea, me te whakatinanatanga whakaaro nui. Tīmata noa, inehia ngā mea nui, tuhia ngā wāhanga kino, kātahi (kātahi anō) ka whakapaipai.
Ki te kotahi noa te rerenga kōrero e puritia ana e koe: Ko ngā tauira AI he mahi kua akohia, kua whakangungua ki te arotautanga, kua aromatawaihia ki ngā inenga e pā ana ki te horopaki, ā, kua whakatinanahia ki ngā ārai. Koinā te katoa.
Ngā Tohutoro
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NIST - Anga Whakahaere Mōrearea o te Matauranga Horihori (AI RMF 1.0)
NIST AI RMF 1.0 (PDF) -
Ture Mātauranga Horihori a te EU - Pukamata Whaimana (2024/1689, 12 Hōngongoi 2024)
EUR-Lex: Ture AI (PDF Whaimana) -
Ngā Whakawhiti / Te Aro-ā-Iho - Vaswani me ētahi atu, Ko te Aro he mea e hiahiatia ana e koe (2017).
arXiv:1706.03762 (PDF) -
Ngā Tauira Horohoranga - Ho, Jain, Abbeel, Ngā Tauira Tūponotanga Horohoranga Whakakore Haruru (2020).
arXiv:2006.11239 (PDF) -
PR vs ROC mō te Tauritekore - Saito & Rehmsmeier, PLOS ONE (2015).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118432